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Optics Letters

Detection of 532-nm frequency-doubled Nd:YAG radiation in an active rubidium atomic resonance filter

Monica L. Minden, Hans W. Bruesselbach

Published Apr 1, 1990• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report the detection of frequéncy-doubled Q-switched Nd:YAG laser radiation at 532.24 nm by an active rubidium atomic resonance filter. The Rb 5p level was populated by using a diode laser operating at 795 nm. The 532-nm laser excited atoms to the 10s level; these decay through p levels to the ground state. Signals were observed at 420/422 nm and 359 nm, corresponding to fluorescence from states 6p and 7p. Fluorescence noise was observed only on the 420/422-nm transition; the 359-nm signal had no detectable noise.

DOI
10.1364/ol.15.000384

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Enhancement and reduction of the fluorescence intensity in Rb atomic vapor are observed. The reduction is due to a depopulation of the 5P - {3/2 } state upon illumination of a Rb vapor cell with light corresponding to the 5P - {3/2 }→5D - {5/2 } transition. Collisional transfer of the 5D - {5/2 } atoms to the 5D - {3/2 } state, followed by radiative decay to the 5P - {1/2 } state, creates an increase in the population of the 5P - {1/2 } state. The increase in the excited state population results in an increase in the fluorescence intensity of the 5P - {1/2 }→5S - {1/2 } transition. The laser-induced population changes are monitored by the decrease or increase of the corresponding fluorescence signals. Using the steady-state rate equations, the rate constants for the stimulated emission(i.e., 5D - {5/2 }→5P - {3/2 }) is 2.0×10 +8s + {-1 }. The cross section for the fine-structure changing collision(i.e., 5D - {5/2 }→5D - {3/2 }) is 6.4×10 + {-14 }cm +2.

Shinjang dashösi ilmiy jurnili•Jan 1, 2005•0 citations
We report the detection of frequéncy-doubled Q-switched Nd:YAG laser radiation at 532.24 nm by an active rubidium atomic resonance filter. The Rb 5p level was populated by using a diode laser operating at 795 nm. The 532-nm laser excited atoms to the 10s level; these decay through p levels to the ground state. Signals were observed at 420/422 nm and 359 nm, corresponding to fluorescence from states 6p and 7p. Fluorescence noise was observed only on the 420/422-nm transition; the 359-nm signal had no detectable noise.
We report a simple theoretical model for the calculation of the dependence of filter quantum efficiency versus laser pump power in an atomic Rb vapor laser-excited optical filter. We present the calculations for a 532.4-nm Rb filter that can be used to detect the practical and important frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser. The results of these calculations show that the filter's quantum efficiency is relatively insensitive to the laser pump power. The laser powers required to pump the filter range from 3.6 to 226 mW per square centimeter of filter aperture.
In this paper the calculations for a K Faraday filter at 532.33 nm that can be used to detect the practical and important frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser are presented and discussed. Our model predicts a peak transmission of 50% and an equivalent bandwidth of 4 GHz for the filter operating on the transition in potassium. The theoretical results show the transmission characteristics of the filter are relatively insensitive to the laser pump power and magnetic strength. The laser pump powers required range from 0.8 to .
A Rb 532 nm Stark anomalous dispersion optical filter consists of an atomic vapor cell between crossed polarizers subjected to an electrical field transverse to the optical path, and a constant magnetic field along the optical path. The color glass filters are used to reject the infrared radiation. The 795 nm optical pumping is needed to populate the lower level of the filter transition. When linearly polarized light travels through a dispersive atomic vapor cell, a polarization rotation occurs. This polarization rotation is mainly due to the resonant Faraday effect.>
We demonstrate Doppler-free, purely optical detection of laser-excited rubidium Rydberg atoms in a room-temperature gas cell. The Rydberg atoms are excited with a frequency-doubled dye laser at 297 nm in a single-excitation step from the ground state; the detection is performed with a 780 nm diode laser in a scheme similar to electron shelving. Laser spectroscopy of Rydberg transitions is demonstrated, and a frequency-doubled dye is stabilized to one Rydberg transition in the UV. The performance of this stabilization is measured with an atomic-beam apparatus and a time of flight experiment.
We investigate the excitation of the 5D_{5/2} level in Rb atoms using counter-propagating laser beams, which are nearly resonant to the one-photon 5S_{1/2} - 5P_{3/2} and 5P_{3/2} - 5D_{5/2} transitions, ensuring that a sum of the optical frequencies corresponds to the 5S_{1/2} - 5D_{5/2} transition. The excitation produced by two-photon and step-wise processes is detected via spontaneously emitted fluorescence at 420 nm arising from the 6P_{3/2} - 5S_{1/2} transition. The dependences of blue fluorescence intensity on atomic density and laser detuning from the intermediate 5P_{3/2} level have been investigated. The sensitivity of the frequency detuned bi-chromatic scheme for atom detection has been estimated. A novel method for sum frequency stabilization of two free-running lasers has been suggested and implemented using two-photon Doppler-free fluorescence and polarization resonances.
Enhancement and reduction of the fluorescence intensity in Rb atomic vapor are observed. The reduction is due to a depopulation of the 5P - {3/2 } state upon illumination of a Rb vapor cell with light corresponding to the 5P - {3/2 }→5D - {5/2 } transition. Collisional transfer of the 5D - {5/2 } atoms to the 5D - {3/2 } state, followed by radiative decay to the 5P - {1/2 } state, creates an increase in the population of the 5P - {1/2 } state. The increase in the excited state population results in an increase in the fluorescence intensity of the 5P - {1/2 }→5S - {1/2 } transition. The laser-induced population changes are monitored by the decrease or increase of the corresponding fluorescence signals. Using the steady-state rate equations, the rate constants for the stimulated emission(i.e., 5D - {5/2 }→5P - {3/2 }) is 2.0×10 +8s + {-1 }. The cross section for the fine-structure changing collision(i.e., 5D - {5/2 }→5D - {3/2 }) is 6.4×10 + {-14 }cm +2.