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IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society Annual Meeting (LEOS)

A Rb 532 nm Stark anomalous dispersion optical filter for doubled Nd:YAG lasers

Bing Yin, Thomas M. Shay

Published Dec 30, 2002• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A Rb 532 nm Stark anomalous dispersion optical filter consists of an atomic vapor cell between crossed polarizers subjected to an electrical field transverse to the optical path, and a constant magnetic field along the optical path. The color glass filters are used to reject the infrared radiation. The 795 nm optical pumping is needed to populate the lower level of the filter transition. When linearly polarized light travels through a dispersive atomic vapor cell, a polarization rotation occurs. This polarization rotation is mainly due to the resonant Faraday effect.>

DOI
10.1109/leos.1993.379189

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A Stark anomalous dispersion optical filter (SADOF) is an ultra-narrow bandwidth optical filter for applications in laser remote sensing and satellite laser communications. A SADOF consists of an atomic vapor cell between crossed polarizers subject to a dc electrical field transverse to the optical path and oriented 45° relative to the crossed polarizers. When linearly polarized light travels through a rubidium atomic vapor cell, a polarization rotation occurs (Stark induced birefringence). Large rotation angles may be obtained when the input light frequency is near the resonant frequencies of the atomic vapor. The transmission peaks of the SADOF correspond to frequencies that have rotation angles of odd integer multiples of π/2 and low absorption in the vapor cell. The transmission curve depends on the electric field and atomic density, and the optimum conditions for a rubidium SADOF are found through theoretical calculations that include both Stark spectral and polarization rotation. We will present theoretical SADOF transmission curves for several green rubidium transition frequencies.

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Advanced materials research•Jul 4, 2011•0 citations
A Rb 532 nm Stark anomalous dispersion optical filter consists of an atomic vapor cell between crossed polarizers subjected to an electrical field transverse to the optical path, and a constant magnetic field along the optical path. The color glass filters are used to reject the infrared radiation. The 795 nm optical pumping is needed to populate the lower level of the filter transition. When linearly polarized light travels through a dispersive atomic vapor cell, a polarization rotation occurs. This polarization rotation is mainly due to the resonant Faraday effect.>
A Stark anomalous dispersion optical filter (SADOF) is an ultra-narrow bandwidth optical filter for applications in laser remote sensing and satellite laser communications. A SADOF consists of an atomic vapor cell between crossed polarizers subject to a dc electrical field transverse to the optical path and oriented 45° relative to the crossed polarizers. When linearly polarized light travels through a rubidium atomic vapor cell, a polarization rotation occurs (Stark induced birefringence). Large rotation angles may be obtained when the input light frequency is near the resonant frequencies of the atomic vapor. The transmission peaks of the SADOF correspond to frequencies that have rotation angles of odd integer multiples of π/2 and low absorption in the vapor cell. The transmission curve depends on the electric field and atomic density, and the optimum conditions for a rubidium SADOF are found through theoretical calculations that include both Stark spectral and polarization rotation. We will present theoretical SADOF transmission curves for several green rubidium transition frequencies.
In this paper the properties of an excited-state potassium Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter in potassium vapor with a pump wavelength of 769.90 nm (i.e. 4S1/2-->4P1/2 transition) and a signal wavelength of 532 nm (i.e. 4P1/2-->8S1/2 transition) are calculated and discussed. The filter's transmissions versus the laser pump power and the external magnetic-field are obtained. The theoretical results show the transmission characteristics of the filter are relatively insensitive to the laser pump power and magnetic strength. The laser pump powers require range from 0.8 to 6 mW.cm-2. Our model predicts a peak transmission of 50% and an equivalent band-width of 4 GHz for the filter operating on the 4P1/2<--8S1/2 transition in potassium. The optical filter at 532 nm presented in this paper may be used to detect the practical and important frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser.
We report an excited-state Faraday anomalous-dispersion optical filter operating on the rubidium 5P(3/2)-5D(5/2) transition (775.9 nm in vacuum) without the use of a pump laser. An electrodeless discharge vapor lamp is employed to replace the Rb vapor cell in a traditional Faraday anomalous-dispersion optical filter system. Atoms can be excited by power rather than a complex frequency-locked pump laser. A proof-of-concept experimental demonstration with a maximum transmission of 1.9% and a filter bandwidth of 650 MHz is presented.
The Macaluso-Corbino effect describes the optical rotation of light in the spectral proximity to an atomic resonance. One use of this effect is narrowband optical filtering. So-called Faraday filters utilize the difference of the two components of the refractive indices, which are split by the Zeeman effect in a longitudinal magnetic field. This allows for a net rotation of a linearly polarized input beam within the medium. Placing it between crossed polarizers therefore only allows light near resonance to pass. Since any resonant spectrum implies anomalous dispersion on resonance, these filters are often characterized as being based on this anomalous dispersion. This Letter analyses to what extent the anomalous dispersion and the anomalous rotation are relevant for Faraday filters. Considering the sign of the anomalous rotation introduces a strict criterion if the filter is operated in the line center or in the spectral wing of an atomic resonance.
We demonstrate a Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) operating on 5S(1/2)-6P(3/2) transition at 420 nm with a 5 cm long cell of 96.5% enriched 87Rb and measure the transmission as a function of the magnetic field and temperature. The isotope 87Rb FADOF achieves a peak transmission of 98% with a bandwidth of 2.5 GHz when the temperature of the isotope 87Rb cell is 280°C and the magnetic field is 500 G. The corresponding equivalent noise bandwidth is 5.9 GHz. The isotope 87Rb FADOF is applied to submarine communications, is used as the laser frequency stabilization for some atomic lines, and is also used as the pump laser in four-level Rb active optical clock.
In this paper, the transmission characteristics of rubidium excited state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filters at 532nm for a practical and important wavelength are analyzed and discussed. A weak magnetic field method is employed to calculate the transmission characteristics versus external magnetic field, laser pump power, cell temperature and cell length for natural Rb, 85Rb and 87Rb atomic vapors, respectively. The theoretical results show that the transmission property of 85Rb atomic vapor is superior to that of Rb, 87Rb atomic vapors in the weak magnetic field, which makes it more suitable for the magneto-optic filtering material of Faraday optical filters by comparison with natural Rb atomic vapor.