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AIP conference proceedings

Entangled coherent states versus entangled photon pairs for quantum information processing under photon loss effects

Ki-min Park B, Hyunseok Jeong, Timothy C. Ralph, Ping Koy Lam

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We compare entangled coherent states (ECSs) and entangled photon pairs (EPPs) for quantum information processing (QIP) under effects of decoherence and detection inefficiency. When they are used as quantum channels for the standard teleportation protocol, the ECS shows larger fidelity than the EPP under strong decoherence. On the other hand, detection inefficiency causes the teleportation scheme using the ECS to suffer unlocated errors that results in the degradation of fidelity, while this is not the case with the EPP. Our study reveals the merits and demerits of the two types of entangled states in implementing QIP under realistic conditions.

DOI
10.1063/1.3630194

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We compare single-photon qubits and hybrid qubits as information carriers through quantum teleportation using a Gaussian continuous-variable channel. A hybrid qubit in our study is in the form of entanglement between a coherent state and a single photon. We find that hybrid qubits outperform photonic qubits when coherent amplitudes of the hybrid qubits are as low as $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\lesssim}1$, while single-photon qubits yield better results for larger amplitudes. We analyze further the effect of photon losses and observe that the overall character of teleportation for different qubits remains the same although the teleportation fidelities are degraded by photon losses. Our work provides a comparative look at practical quantum information processing with different types of qubits.
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The entangled coherent states (ECSs) have been widely used to realize quantum information processing tasks. However, the ECSs may suffer from photon loss and decoherence due to the inherent noise in quantum channel, which may degrade the fidelity of ECSs. To overcome these obstacles, we present a measurement-based entanglement purification protocol (MBEPP) for ECSs to distill some high-quality ECSs from a large number of low-quality copies. We first show the principle of this MBEPP without considering the photon loss. After that, we prove that this MBEPP is feasible to correct the error resulted from the photon loss. Additionally, this MBEPP only requires to operate the Bell state measurement without performing local two-qubit gates on the noisy pairs and the purified high-quality ECSs can be preserved for other applications. This MBEPP may have application potential in the implementation of long-distance quantum communication.
We compare three different types of optical qubits for information transfer via quantum teleportation and direction transmission under photon losses. The three types of qubits are (1) qubits using the vacuum and the single-photon (VSP) states, (2) single-photon qubits using polarization degrees of freedom, i.e., polarized single-photon (PSP) qubits, and (3) coherent-state qubits that use two coherent states with opposite phases as the qubit basis. Our analysis shows that the teleportation scheme outperforms the direct transmission for most of cases as far as fidelities are concerned. Overall, VSP qubits are found to be the most efficient for both the direct transmission and teleportation under photon loss effects. The coherent-state qubits are more robust than PSP qubits either when their amplitudes are small as $|\ensuremath{\alpha}|\ensuremath{\lesssim}1.22$ or when photon loss effects are strong. Our results would provide useful and timely information for the development of practical optical quantum information processing particularly in the context of hybrid architectures.