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Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

Local moment and specific heat in the Hubbard model

Thereza Paiva, Carey Huscroft, Andrew K. McMahan, Richard T. Scalettar

Published May 1, 2001• 5 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s0304-8853(00)00911-2

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Local moment formation driven by the on-site repulsion U is one of the most fundamental features in the Hubbard model. At the simplest level, the temperature dependence of the local moment is expected to have a single structure at $T\ensuremath{\sim}U,$ reflecting the suppression of the double occupancy. In this paper we show low-temperature quantum Monte Carlo data for half-filling which emphasize that the local moment also has a signature at a lower energy scale which previously had been thought to characterize only the temperatures below which moments on different sites begin to correlate locally. We discuss implications of these results for the structure of the specific heat, and connections to quasiparticle resonance and pseudogap formation in the density of states.
The static approximation in the functional integral theory of itinerant magnetism is critically investigated. For the two-site Hubbard model the local magnetic moment and the specific heat are calculated as functions of temperature and interaction strength. By comparison with the exact results the error in the static approximation is found to be large at low temperatures and for small interaction strengths. It is shown that the subdivision of the ground state into a phase without a local moment (small interaction) and a phase with local moment (large interaction) is induced by the static approximation. The specific heat is underestimated and the zero-point entropy is finite. The implications for the infinite Hubbard model are briefly discussed.