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Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

Resonance fluorescence of N entangled atoms in a strong driving field

Chui‐Ping Yang, Guang‐Can Guo

Published Nov 1, 1999• 11 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s0378-4371(99)00212-5

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The dependence of squeezing on the number of atoms is discussed in the time-dependent collective resonance fluorescence of N two-level atoms, coherently driven by a strong resonant laser field. It is shown that, for strong driving field, squeezing appears only in the transient regime of resonance fluorescence. The location of squeezing in time is independent of the number of atoms and the initial atomic populations. It is found that despite the reduction in the amount of squeezing per single atom, squeezing increases in the whole resonance fluorescence field as the number of atoms increases, and attains its maximal value for moderate N. Moreover, the maximal value of squeezing is dependent on the intensity of the driving field. As the latter increases, the maximum of squeezing increases and shifts towards larger numbers of atoms. For a very large number of atoms, however, squeezing is altogether removed.
Spectra of the atomic resonance fluorescence and of the cavity-transmitted light in a driven Jaynes-Cummings system are studied theoretically, where the cavity is driven by a classical field of arbitrary strength. In the regime of strong atom-cavity coupling, anomalous resonance peaks occur at $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}\sqrt{n}{g}^{\ensuremath{'}} (n=2,3,\dots{}),$ with the modified vacuum Rabi frequency ${g}^{\ensuremath{'}},$ both in the atomic fluorescence and the cavity transmission. These peaks as well as the observed shift of the vacuum Rabi splitting are explained in terms of the quasienergy levels induced dynamically by the strong driving field. For a stronger driving field, it is shown that the spectrum of the cavity transmission deviates from that of the atomic fluorescence. In the presence of significant damping, the spectrum of the cavity transmission approaches a singlet structure in the strong driving-field limit, and it is found additionally that a bimodal photon-number distribution, which results in a unique quintuplet spectrum of the atomic fluorescence, does not show up in the cavity transmission.
We have considered the steady-state resonance fluorescence spectrum for a beam of two-level atoms, interacting with a strong driving field with a finite bandwidth inside a cavity. The competitive effects of cavity losses and the finite bandwidth of the intense driving laser beam on the resonance fluorescence spectrum have been discussed. Our results show that the usual three-peaked resonance fluorescence spectrum starts merging back into the central peak as the bandwidth of the driving field increases. Moreover, the asymmetry introduced by the detuning of the driving field having a finite bandwidth is also affected by the cavity losses.