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Optics Letters

Double phase-conjugate mirror is not an oscillator

A. A. Zozulya

Published Apr 15, 1991• 25 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The double phase-conjugate mirror is an oscillator in the framework of the one-dimensional theoretical model previously used for its description. Results of a more consistent two-dimensional approach qualitatively differ from those of a one-dimensional analysis, indicating that the double phase-conjugate mirror is a convective amplifier. The correct physical picture of the scattering development is revealed, and the transverse profiles of scattered beams and the dynamics of nonlinear reflectivity are calculated.

DOI
10.1364/ol.16.000545

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The double phase-conjugate mirror is an oscillator in the framework of the one-dimensional theoretical model previously used for its description. Results of a more consistent two-dimensional approach qualitatively differ from those of a one-dimensional analysis, indicating that the double phase-conjugate mirror is a convective amplifier. The correct physical picture of the scattering development is revealed, and the transverse profiles of scattered beams and the dynamics of nonlinear reflectivity are calculated.
Development of scattered radiation in the geometry of a double phase-conjugate mirror is investigated numerically in the framework of a two-dimensional model that accounts for both diffraction and noncollinearity of the interacting beams. The large-scale structure of the scattered beams is found to be distorted because of the convective flow of energy out of the interaction region. We show that the output characteristics of the double phase-conjugate mirror depend strongly on the level of seed radiation in the direction of the scattered beams. The seed radiation may be due to incoherent scattering of the pumping beams inside the medium or to self-broadening of the pumping beams’ spectra because of nonlinear self-interaction.
We have developed a theory for nondegenerate oscillations in optical resonators containing an intracavity phase-conjugate element. The phase-conjugate element consists of a nonlinear transparent medium that is pumped externally by a pair of counterpropagating laser beams of the same frequency and intensity. Phase conjugation of an input beam of slightly different frequency occurs because of nondegenerate four-wave mixing. The theory takes into account linear absorption (or gain) in the medium and is applied to study the threshold behavior of phase-conjugate oscillators. For the special case of no conventional mirrors, the phase-conjugate oscillator reduces to an ordinary phase-conjugate mirror, and our general formulation yields the results of previous studies. Our analysis shows that the parametric gain required for oscillation increases (or decreases) as a result of linear absorption (or gain) in the medium, and oscillation can occur at a frequency different from that of the pump beams in the presence of large linear gain (or loss). The effects of linear absorption (or gain) on the filter operation are also examined.
The double phase-conjugate mirror (DPCM) is a stimulated four-wave mixing effect, mediated by either a chi(3) mechanism or a photorefractive effect. The type of grating that operates in the DPCM can be a transmission or reflection grating, depending on the wave-mixing configuration. Any combination of nonlinearity and grating geometry is possible, so that four general DPCM classes emerge. An analytic solution of the last unsolved class, the photorefractive reflection DPCM, is presented. With these results, general observations concerning the four categories of double phase conjugation are made. An important conclusion is that the type of grating geometry and its associated boundary conditions dictate many of the basic features of the DPCM, regardless of the nonlinearity involved.