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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Quantum description of signals in the problems of acousto-optics and optics

Oleg D. Moskaletz

Published Jan 21, 1994• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The necessity of quantum description of dynamic signals is substantiated. Difficulties and contradictions of modern signal theory are exposed and fundamental differences between quantum concept and central tenets of modern signal theory are shown. It is demonstrated that exact quantum description of dynamic signals contrasts with classical description and leads to all-new considerations of signal theory and linear system theory problems.

DOI
10.1117/12.165945

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The necessity of quantum description of dynamic signals is substantiated. Difficulties and contradictions of modern signal theory are exposed and fundamental differences between quantum concept and central tenets of modern signal theory are shown. It is demonstrated that exact quantum description of dynamic signals contrasts with classical description and leads to all-new considerations of signal theory and linear system theory problems.
The necessity of forming of physical signal theory (ST), whch is adequate to quantum electronics (QE) problems, is substantiated, and its elements are stated. The forming of physical ST is based on ST fundamental postulates, quantum Planck postulate, Einstein hypothesis about light quanta and energy expression of electromagnetic (EM) field in quantum electrodynamics. On the base of this statemet mathematical formulation of quantum Planck postulate is given. This formulation is the basic of exact, quantum description of signal in the form of EM field. A relation between exact, quantum description of signal and its classical approximation is established. Thus fundamental problem of quantum and classical physics join is solved for EM field. Obtained results are applied to spontaneous and monochromatic oscillations description.
Based on the critical estimation of modern information theory and signal theory, the necessity of developing the physical aspect of signal theory, which is based on an abrupt change in the energy of an optical signal during its formation, is substantiated. It is shown that the inflow of information in time has a quantum nature and is due to the action of the photon production operators. Quantum forms of optical signals were obtained and, based on the methods of communication theory, a transition was made to the classical approximation of an optical signal. The role of the probabilistic nature of quantum processes in the stochastic essence of the optical signal is noted.
The necessity of development of the physical signal theory (ST) as component of laser theory is justified, and its principles are stated. These principles include quantum description of signals in the form of electromagnetic (EM) field and their classical representation. The submitted researches are based on Planck hypothesis about discrete levels of energy of EM radiation, Einstein hypothesis about light quantum and Bohr rule of frequencies only, and in so doing Heisenberg indeterminateness principle is taken into account.
This paper introduces a short survey on recent information theories and reviews some critical notes expressed on quantum information. The severe difficulties emerging from the literature lead us to argue about the way to follow, and in a preliminary stage, we consider how to proceed in order to provide a reasonable contribution to the conceptualization of information in classical and quantum physics. We conclude that we should go toward the essential elements of the system that acquire information and should define the common components of the measurement processes. In this way we should be able to establish fundamental properties and to circumvent tricky difficulties arisen by the concept of the observer and the variety of interferences that disturb the acquisition of information. Universal experience shows how sharpness is the indispensable feature of detected signals and we calculate the discernability of observables using various mathematical formalisms. The present logical frame brings evidence on how information is not an absolute quantity, and we close with a few notes on the information relativism which modern literature tackles from the operational stance and the philosophical stance.
On the critical evaluation basis of the signals theory it is shown that it is necessary to develop its physical aspect, based on the quantum ideas. Within the framework of the quantum approach, where the energy of radiation changes over time in jump, the existence of frequency-temporal duality of photons is shown and the absence of operator connection between the time and frequency characteristics of the optical signal. The instantaneous power of the optical signal is described by a sequence of delta functions, similar to the sampled signal in the communication theory. Methods of communication theory and properties of photon spin allowed to make the transition to the classical approximation of the optical signal.
The problem of mind and consciousness cannot be treated as an object of science without much difficulty. Inevitably there is the self-contradiction that the work itself in science and thinking is an object of thought. In this meaning, we need to get back to the fundamental problem of how the world is perceived. The fundamental concept of quantum theory includes essentially unsolved problems such as the observation problem. In this paper, we begin to consider this fundamental problem in quantum theory and discuss the possibility of a description of mind in terms of quantum theory.