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Applied Physics Letters

Inversion of the Na resonance line by selective photodissociation of NaI

J. C. White

Published Aug 15, 1978• 27 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This letter reports the inversion and intense superfluorescent emission of the Na resonance line by selective photodissociation of NaI. The fifth harmonic of a Q-switched Nd : YAG laser at 2128 Å was used to photodissociate NaI to the unbound state Na(3p 2P)+I(5p5 2P3/2). Superfluorescence at the 5896-Å resonance line was observed.
DOI
10.1063/1.90357

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The authors report direct measurements of the photodissociation of Na 2 + ions created when a Na vapour in the density range 10 12 -10 13 cm -3 is irradiated by a pulsed laser with intensities in the 10 5 -10 6 W cm -2 range. The Na 2 + ions, accelerated by a weak electric field, are photodissociated in a second laser beam tuned to 6040 AA. In a preliminary experiment the Na 2 + ions are formed in the lowest vibrational levels and the measured photodissociation cross section is compared with existing calculations. When the Na vapour is irradiated at one of the 3S 1/2 -3P 1/2,3/2 resonances the photodissociation measurements show the existence of a distribution of rovibrational excited levels of the Na 2 + ions. A discussion is given in terms of associative ionisation in collisions of two Na(3p) atoms. The origin of the Na + ions produced simultaneously with the Na 2 + ions, in the vapour irradiated at resonance, is also discussed.
In studying ionization reactions in a single dense effusive beam of laser-excited Na(3p) atoms, we observe production of both Na{sub 2}{sup +} and Na{sup +} ions. The Na{sup +} results from the familiar associative ionization reaction of two Na(3p) atoms and the Na{sup +} ions under our conditions result mostly from the collisional dissociation of the Na{sub 2}{sup +} by reaction with a third excited Na(3p) atom, rather than from photo- dissociation or photoionization. A CW, single-frequency dye laser tuned to 589 nm resonantly excites the Na(3s) atoms to the 3p state. The atomic beam Na(3s) density is determined from low-intensity 589 absorption measurements. Na{sup +} ion yield depends on the cube of the Na beam density, suggesting successive collisions of three Na(3p) atoms: we believe the Na{sub 2}{sup +} ions polarize the third Na(3p) atom, resulting in a R{sup -4} orbiting collision interaction. A large collisional dissociation cross-section of approximately (4{plus_minus}2)x10{sup -13} cm{sup 2} results, for oven temperatures in the 500-600K range.
Recently, Jaroszynski and King found superradiance(SR) occurring in photodissociatively created systems using NaI and n-C3F7I moleculesl) , and Hahn and Lee have performe2)d the amplified spontaneous emission(ASE) experiment in an iodine photodissociation laser(IPL) amplifier . In general, to observe SR experimentally, a very short intense pumping pulse of which FWHM is about a few tens of nanoseconds, is used for making a totally inverted system. But in this work, the amplifier is pumped with conventional flashlamps of FWHM=3us, yet we have detected a output pulse which is a superposition of ASE and SR. The temporal behaviour of the pulse is investigated in detail, and the experimental results are compared with theoretical results.
We have observed ion formation (both Na+{\mathrm{Na}}^{+}Na+ and Na2+{\mathrm{Na}}_{2}^{+}Na2+​) and radiation from high-lying Na states when low-density vapor (\ensuremath{\sim}1013{10}^{13}1013 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$) is irradiated with a cw dye laser tuned to one of the DDD lines. The Na+{\mathrm{Na}}^{+}Na+ ions probably result from photodissociation of Na2+{\mathrm{Na}}_{2}^{+}Na2+​ formed by $\mathrm{Na}(3p)\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Na}(3p)$ associative ionization, while the high-lying radiating states are formed in energy-pooling reactions.