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Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics

Using thin and long superconductors in the resistive state to mix microwave signals with amplification

I. I. Eru, S. A. Peskovatskiǐ

Published Nov 1, 1975• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/bf01037123

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We report signal amplification and harmonic multiplication processes based on the nonlinear current-voltage characteristics (CVC) displayed by superconductor-normal metal-superconductor (SNS) junctions. Such junctions may exhibit a negative differential resistance at low voltages, the so called low-voltage-negative-differential-resistance (LVNDR) effect. This effect is due to the quantum mechanical multiple Andreev reflection mechanism in very clean systems and is stable against a bias voltage. Therefore, it is in principle possible to use these junctions as an active element in a variety of circuit applications such as oscillators, amplifiers or mixers, in the microwave and millimeter-wave range.
Microbridge-type Josephson junctions made of granular bulk YBCO superconductors were experimentally studied at microwave frequencies. Although the bridge included many grain boundaries, clear Shapiro steps were induced at every hf/2e voltage for microwave frequencies, and step height dependence for microwave power similar to that of a single weak link bridge was observed. A heterodyne mixing experiment of microwaves at about 20 GHz was also performed using the detector. The IF signal showed peak amplitudes corresponding to the peak dynamic resistance due to nonlinearity resulting from the Josephson effect. It was confirmed that the detector operates stably for the Josephson-effect heterodyne mixer at 60 K or below. The detector has potential for high sensitivity and good impedance matching due to its large dynamic resistance and high normal state resistance, respectively.