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IEEE photonics journal

Efficient Three-Process Frequency Conversion Based on Straddling Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage

Chao Sun, Changshui Chen, Junxiong Wei, Pengpeng Li

Published Nov 25, 2014• 17 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The high-efficiency three-process frequency conversion is analyzed. By analysis of coupling equations, the optical straddling stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (S-STIRAP) scheme is proposed. Numerical simulation shows that the input power of the first frequency is monotonically converted into the output power of the last frequency, with the intermediate frequencies kept extremely low along the interacting length. We expect that this frequency conversion scheme has application in the frequency conversion between highly disparate frequencies, e.g., mid-IR to visible.

DOI
10.1109/jphot.2014.2374616

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The high-efficiency three-process frequency conversion is analyzed. By analysis of coupling equations, the optical straddling stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (S-STIRAP) scheme is proposed. Numerical simulation shows that the input power of the first frequency is monotonically converted into the output power of the last frequency, with the intermediate frequencies kept extremely low along the interacting length. We expect that this frequency conversion scheme has application in the frequency conversion between highly disparate frequencies, e.g., mid-IR to visible.
Two simultaneous three wave mixing processes are analyzed, where an input frequency is converted to an output frequency via an intermediate stage. By employing simultaneous phase-matching and an adiabatic modulation of the nonlinear coupling strengths, the intermediate frequency is kept dark throughout the interaction, while obtaining high conversion efficiency. This feat is accomplished in a manner analogous to population transfer in atomic stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP). Applications include conversion between remote frequencies, e.g. mid-IR to visible, and study of electronic crystal properties in the UV absorption band.
In the field of nonlinear frequency conversion, the cascaded frequency conversion scheme is an effective means to obtain new wavelengths. In this paper, we demonstrate efficient frequency conversion through three cascaded three-wave mixing processes based on Stark-chirped rapid adiabatic passage, which are different from previous cascaded wavelength conversion processes based on stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. Further, by analyzing the relevant parameters in the three-process cascaded frequency conversion models we have established, we find that the new scheme increases the conversion range and has lower restrictions on the conversion conditions while maintaining extremely low intermediate frequency intensity. These advantages allow our work to be applied to the acquisition of a mid-infrared or visible laser.
We demonstrate that the frequency conversion in the cascaded processes can be mapped uniquely to an associated three-wave mixing processes in adiabatic evolution. After solving the coupling wave equations of three-wave mixing processes, we immediately find the solutions of the corresponding cascaded coupled equations. Furthermore, we introduce a rather simple model, which displays the main features of the optical stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) but allows for analytic evaluation of all quantities. It performs two simultaneous three-wave mixing processes efficiently and without significant generation of an intermediate frequency. At last, we consider in detail the effects of the phase mismatch to the optical STIRAP efficiency, which show that the analytic bounds are seen to describe the transfer region very accurately.
Abstract In recent years, a series of adiabatic passage techniques for atomic systems have been introduced into the field of nonlinear optics. We propose a theoretical model of the fourth-order three-process cascaded frequency conversion technique based on fractional stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (FSTIRAP). Building upon the STIRAP technique, the FSTIRAP technique splits the original third pump laser into two separate pump lasers, each subjected to Gaussian modulation. This achieves the simultaneous output of the first idler laser and the second idler laser with tunable output ratios at the end of the crystal, while ensuring the complete conversion of the signal laser. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the FSTIRAP technique enables highly efficient frequency conversion, with the total conversion efficiency showing robustness across a wide range of pump laser intensities, coupling delay parameters, and crystal temperatures. Additionally, the output ratio of the first idler laser to the second idler laser can be controlled by independently tuning the delay parameter or the crystal temperature.
Two simultaneous three wave mixing processes are analyzed, where an input frequency is converted to an output frequency via an intermediate stage. By employing simultaneous phase-matching and an adiabatic modulation of the nonlinear coupling strengths, the intermediate frequency is kept dark throughout the interaction while obtaining high conversion efficiency. This feat is accomplished in a manner analogous to population transfer in atomic stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. Applications include conversion between remote frequencies, e.g., mid-IR to visible, and study of electronic crystal properties in the UV absorption band.
Abstract Nonlinear optical frequency conversion techniques enable the generation of new laser frequencies that are not directly accessible from laser sources. Lasers at different frequencies have distinct applications across various fields, including fiber-optic communication, medical imaging, material processing, display panel manufacturing, and biomolecular detection. We propose a theoretical model for four-process cascaded frequency conversion based on the chainwise stimulated Raman shortcut-to-adiabatic passage (C-STIRSAP) counter-diabatic (CD) driving technique. The model modifies the coupling functions of the chainwise stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (C-STIRAP) scheme by using the shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) CD-driving method. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the C-STIRSAP CD-driving technique allows efficient four-process frequency conversion over a wide range of delay and width parameters. Furthermore, it enhances the robustness of the process against variations in temperature and signal wavelength.