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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Cavity-QED based scheme for realization of photon annihilation and creation operations and their combinations

Ho-Joon Kim, Jiyong Park, Hai-Woong Lee

Published Feb 16, 2010• 5 citations

Abstract

Theoretical analysis is given of an experimental scheme that can perform individual photon operations such as the photon annihilation operation a, creation operation a†, and commutation operation aa†−a†a, utilizing atom-cavity field interactions and conditional measurements. In order for the scheme to perform the desired photon operation, the atom-cavity field interaction times are generally required to be sufficiently short that photon annihilation and/or creation are dominated by the one-half Rabi cycle process. Such short interaction times, however, lead inevitably to a low success probability of the scheme. It is shown that this problem of low success probability can be overcome by preparing the cavity field in a superposition of a small number (two) of Fock states and choosing the interaction times appropriately.

DOI: 10.1364/josab.27.000464

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A single two-level atom can be used to prepare an arbitrary photon number state (Fock state) in a high Q cavity . The atom undergoes a controlled succession of interactions with two cavity modes. One of them contains a coherent field. The atom transfers photons one by one from this field to the initially empty second mode. The scheme can be extended to prepare a quantum superposition of the vacuum with a Fock state, a highly non-classical situation. We discuss the feasibility of the experiment with our present Rydberg-atom cavity QED set-up.

A simple scheme is proposed to generate an

n

-qubit

W

state in cavity QED. Conditioned on no photon leakage from the cavity, the

n

-qubit

W

state can be generated by resonant interaction between atoms and the cavity if the cavity is initially prepared in the single-photon state and all the atoms are in the ground states. We check the time evolution of the system involving decay, and show that, since the required interaction time is very short, with present cavity QED techniques, the success probability of our scheme is almost unity.

Abstract We propose a realizable experimental scheme to prepare a superposition of the vacuum and one-photon states using a typical cavity QED-setup. This is different from previous schemes, where the superposition state of the field is generated by resonant atom-field interaction and the cavity is initially empty. Here, we consider only dispersive atom-field interaction and the initial state of the cavity field is coherent. Then, we determine the parameters to prepare the desired state via atomic postselection. We also include the effect of cavity losses and detection imperfections in our analysis, against which this preparation of the optical qubit in a real Fabry–Pérot superconducting cavity is robust. Additionally, we show that this scheme can be used for the preparation of other photon number Fock state superpositions. In summary, our task is achieved with a high fidelity and a postselection probability within experimental reach.