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Applied Optics

Phase locking counterrotating modes of a broadband ring dye laser

Mark T. Gruneisen, Stephen H. Chakmakjian, Edward D. Seeberger, Christopher M. Clayton

Published Nov 20, 1992• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We present the results of an experimental study of phase locking counterrotating modes in a Rhodamine-6G continuous-wave broadband ring dye laser. Results for the measured mutual coherence of the counterrotating fields are presented for three different coupling geometries: namely, coupling by using an intracavity retroreflector, a single extracavity retroreflector placed in one of the output beams,and extracavity retroreflectors placed in each of the two output beams. We find that the highest degree of locking is obtained for the case of the intracavity retroreflector and leads to counterrotating outputswith a measured mutual coherence of unity.

DOI
10.1364/ao.31.007028

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We present the results of an experimental study of phase locking counterrotating modes in a Rhodamine-6G continuous-wave broadband ring dye laser. Results for the measured mutual coherence of the counterrotating fields are presented for three different coupling geometries: namely, coupling by using an intracavity retroreflector, a single extracavity retroreflector placed in one of the output beams,and extracavity retroreflectors placed in each of the two output beams. We find that the highest degree of locking is obtained for the case of the intracavity retroreflector and leads to counterrotating outputswith a measured mutual coherence of unity.
We have performed an experimental study of a high-Q Rhodamine 6G ring dye laser and have measured bichromatic emission with wavelength spacings as large as 110 A\r{} when the laser operated bidirectionally. The bichromatic emission vanished at all excitations when the laser was forced into unidirectional operation using a Faraday isolator. However, when a weak reflected beam was allowed to make a single pass in the direction opposite to that allowed by the Faraday device, bichromatic emission is recovered at the higher pump powers. The experiments show that no discontinuities occur in the intracavity power as a function of excitation and that the intracavity fields which are completely consistent with the measured thresholds are not capable of producing Rabi splittings larger than a few angstroms. In addition, we have observed no structure in the spontaneous emission spectrum of the dye when the bichromatic emission (80-A\r{} splitting) was present in the laser mode. We have been able to quantitatively fit the threshold and wavelengths of the bichromatic emission using a distributed feedback mode analysis with a cavity-mode-induced susceptibility grating.
We present experimental measurements on a high-Q rhodamine 6G ring dye laser which was found to exhibit bichromatic emission with splittings of the order of 15–80 Å while operating in the range of 2–6 times above threshold in the bidirectional mode. Experiments were performed with the insertion of a low loss Faraday isolator (loss < 1%) in order to examine the effects of saturation gratings on the bichromatic emission. The results showed that even though the intracavity power went up, owing to the elimination of spatial hole burning, the bichromatic emission was completely eliminated in the operating range between 1 and 10 times above threshold. In addition the sidelight fluorescence of the jet was spectrally examined in order to search for sideband splittings similar to those found in Na atoms in a strong resonant field. No evidence of splittings or fluorescence shape change was found when the laser was 1–10 times above threshold. When a weak reflection from an intracavity element was allowed to make a single pass through the active part of the jet in a direction opposite to that allowed by the Faraday rotator, bichromatic emission was recovered at high pump powers (2–5 W). This is believed to be a consequence of a Bragg grating which appears when the weak beam is sent through the active medium. We describe the experiments and the results which we obtained, as well as offer a theory which consistently explains our observations and perhaps those of others.
Synchronous mode locking of two dye lasers was employed to obtain pairs of independently tunable picosecond pulses that were precisely synchronized in time. Overlapped pulses in strontium vapor were used to generate tunable picosecond pulses in the vacuum uv. The tunability was employed to study resonant enhancement of a four-wave parametric process by the 4d6p autoionizing resonance. Mutually separated pulses were employed to measure the build-up and decay of coherence for a two-quantum excited state. The decay was found to be faster than theoretical predictions that assume only velocity dephasing.