Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Interaction of a standing frequency-modulated wave with a gas of two-level molecules

V A Barashev, Семибаламут Владимир Михайлович, Е. А. Титов

Published Feb 28, 1979• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A study is made of the profile and characteristic features of the first three harmonics of the power absorbed as a result of resonant interaction of a standing frequency-modulated wave with a gas of twolevel molecules. No restrictions are imposed on the amplitude of frequency deviation or on the modulation frequency. It is shown that when the frequency deviation amplitude or the modulation frequency become comparable with the line width of the resonance transition, the harmonics differ considerably from the derivatives of a nonlinear power resonance at the carrier frequency.

DOI
10.1070/qe1979v009n02abeh008723

Related papers

Theory of a resonant interaction of a gas of atoms with standing-wave pulses separated in time

B Ya Dubetskiĭ, Семибаламут Владимир Михайлович

A solution is obtained to the problem of a resonant interaction of a gas of atoms with the field of three strong standing-wave pulses separated in time. A calculation is reported of a correction to the power absorbed by the gas, which oscillates near the center of an atomic line as a function of the field frequency with a characteristic scale of the order of the reciprocal of the time delay between the pulses. It is shown that a signal then appears for all rational values of the ratio of the delays between the pulses and it is related to the transfer—along the time axis—of higher spatial harmonics of the polarization of a medium and of the level populations.

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics•Aug 31, 1982•3 citations

Theory of the nonlinear Ramsey resonance in the optical part of the spectrum

B Ya Dubetskiĭ

It is shown that the interaction of three standing-wave light beams with a low-pressure gas gives rise to a narrow absorption power resonance. The width of this resonance is related to the transit time of gas atoms between the beams. The weak-field case is analyzed. A formula for a Held of arbitrary intensity is obtained for the situation when the dimensions of the beams are much smaller than the distances between them. Numerical calculations are reported of the resonance amplitude and profile. Optimal (in respect of the field intensity) conditions for the observation of the effect are determined. If the distances between the beams are sufficiently large, it should be possible to observe resonances of width equal to the homogeneous width of atomic radiation lines in spite of the considerable field and transit broadening. The possibility of using this power resonance in stabilization of the emission frequency of gas lasers is considered.

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics•Jun 30, 1976•11 citations

Field broadening and shifts of nonlinear power resonances in low-pressure gases

Семибаламут Владимир Михайлович, Е. А. Титов

A calculation is made of the absorption coefficient of a standing-wave field in a gas of two-level molecules allowing for transit effects to within the second order of the saturation parameter. The rate of the field broadening of a nonlinear power resonance is investigated for various dimensions of a light beam. An analysis is also made of the rates of the field shift of the maximum of such a nonlinear resonance because of the quadratic Doppler effect and hyperfine structure of the line.

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics•Jul 31, 1978•0 citations

The influence of higher spatial harmonics of atomic polarization on the saturated absorption resonance upon excitation of open dipole transitions by a field of counterpropagating waves

Denis V. Brazhnikov, A. S. Novokreshchenov

The effect of a double structure of saturated absorption resonance in the field of counterpropagating light waves interacting with an atomic gas is studied. The experimental observation of this effect was first reported in 2011 in a work by our colleagues at the P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Laboratory of Frequency Standards). The essence of the effect lies in the fact that, on exciting an open dipole transition, another, narrower, resonance of an opposite sign can be observed at the center of the ordinary saturated absorption resonance. A theoretical analysis of this effect has also been performed in this work in terms of a simple spectroscopic model of an atom with two nondegenerate energy levels without taking into account higher spatial harmonics of atomic polarization and polarizations of light waves (scalar model). The present work is devoted to the development of a theory of the formation of a central narrow resonance for the example of a real F g = 1 → F e = 1 atomic transition and to the study of its main characteristics (amplitude, width, contrast, and amplitude-to-width ratio). In addition, the theoretical results obtained without taking into account the influence of higher spatial harmonics and with inclusion of the influence of first higher harmonics are compared. This comparison shows that their influence on the parameters of the new nonlinear resonance is strong even in moderately intense light fields (R ~ γ, where R is the Rabi frequency). The results of this study can be of interest for quantum metrology, as well as for many experiments in which the laser-radiation frequency is stabilized by the saturated absorption resonance on open dipole transitions in atoms and molecules.

Optics and Spectroscopy•Apr 1, 2017•1 citation

Third harmonic generation near a two-photon resonance in a gas

N. G. Nikulin

A theoretical analysis is made of the influence of the pump intensity on the nonlinear susceptibility of the third harmonic excited under conditions of two-photon resonance between the pump wave and the Doppler-broadened transition. Pumping by both traveling and standing waves is considered. For traveling wave pumping, an expression for the nonlinear harmonic susceptibility in an arbitrary field is derived and analyzed. The optimal detunings of twice the pump frequency relative to the two-photon transition frequency are determined. For standing wave pumping an expression for the nonlinear harmonic susceptibility is obtained from perturbation theory up to and including the third order. It is shown that an important factor in the reduction of the harmonic susceptibility is the saturation of the transition due to Doppler-free two-photon absorption of opposite traveling waves.

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics•Sep 30, 1978•1 citation

Double resonances of parametric susceptibilities in the case of vibrational-rotational transitions in molecules

A. V. Karov, Mikhail Yu. Ryabikin, Gennadii I Freidman

An analysis is made of the frequency addition processes in the case of a two-frequency double resonance involving vibrational-rotational transitions and their potential applications in nonlinear spectroscopy. A study is made of the influence of the saturation effect and of the frequency detuning from one- and two-photon resonances on the conversion processes and estimates are obtained for a specific molecular gas. It is shown that in the case of two-frequency interaction under double resonance conditions the efficiency of conversion of a probe wave into a wave at the signal frequency increases at least several hundred times, compared with the case of the one-frequency interaction.

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics•Oct 31, 1984•0 citations
A study is made of the profile and characteristic features of the first three harmonics of the power absorbed as a result of resonant interaction of a standing frequency-modulated wave with a gas of twolevel molecules. No restrictions are imposed on the amplitude of frequency deviation or on the modulation frequency. It is shown that when the frequency deviation amplitude or the modulation frequency become comparable with the line width of the resonance transition, the harmonics differ considerably from the derivatives of a nonlinear power resonance at the carrier frequency.
A solution is obtained to the problem of a resonant interaction of a gas of atoms with the field of three strong standing-wave pulses separated in time. A calculation is reported of a correction to the power absorbed by the gas, which oscillates near the center of an atomic line as a function of the field frequency with a characteristic scale of the order of the reciprocal of the time delay between the pulses. It is shown that a signal then appears for all rational values of the ratio of the delays between the pulses and it is related to the transfer—along the time axis—of higher spatial harmonics of the polarization of a medium and of the level populations.
It is shown that the interaction of three standing-wave light beams with a low-pressure gas gives rise to a narrow absorption power resonance. The width of this resonance is related to the transit time of gas atoms between the beams. The weak-field case is analyzed. A formula for a Held of arbitrary intensity is obtained for the situation when the dimensions of the beams are much smaller than the distances between them. Numerical calculations are reported of the resonance amplitude and profile. Optimal (in respect of the field intensity) conditions for the observation of the effect are determined. If the distances between the beams are sufficiently large, it should be possible to observe resonances of width equal to the homogeneous width of atomic radiation lines in spite of the considerable field and transit broadening. The possibility of using this power resonance in stabilization of the emission frequency of gas lasers is considered.
The effect of a double structure of saturated absorption resonance in the field of counterpropagating light waves interacting with an atomic gas is studied. The experimental observation of this effect was first reported in 2011 in a work by our colleagues at the P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Laboratory of Frequency Standards). The essence of the effect lies in the fact that, on exciting an open dipole transition, another, narrower, resonance of an opposite sign can be observed at the center of the ordinary saturated absorption resonance. A theoretical analysis of this effect has also been performed in this work in terms of a simple spectroscopic model of an atom with two nondegenerate energy levels without taking into account higher spatial harmonics of atomic polarization and polarizations of light waves (scalar model). The present work is devoted to the development of a theory of the formation of a central narrow resonance for the example of a real F g = 1 → F e = 1 atomic transition and to the study of its main characteristics (amplitude, width, contrast, and amplitude-to-width ratio). In addition, the theoretical results obtained without taking into account the influence of higher spatial harmonics and with inclusion of the influence of first higher harmonics are compared. This comparison shows that their influence on the parameters of the new nonlinear resonance is strong even in moderately intense light fields (R ~ γ, where R is the Rabi frequency). The results of this study can be of interest for quantum metrology, as well as for many experiments in which the laser-radiation frequency is stabilized by the saturated absorption resonance on open dipole transitions in atoms and molecules.
A theoretical analysis is made of the influence of the pump intensity on the nonlinear susceptibility of the third harmonic excited under conditions of two-photon resonance between the pump wave and the Doppler-broadened transition. Pumping by both traveling and standing waves is considered. For traveling wave pumping, an expression for the nonlinear harmonic susceptibility in an arbitrary field is derived and analyzed. The optimal detunings of twice the pump frequency relative to the two-photon transition frequency are determined. For standing wave pumping an expression for the nonlinear harmonic susceptibility is obtained from perturbation theory up to and including the third order. It is shown that an important factor in the reduction of the harmonic susceptibility is the saturation of the transition due to Doppler-free two-photon absorption of opposite traveling waves.
An analysis is made of the frequency addition processes in the case of a two-frequency double resonance involving vibrational-rotational transitions and their potential applications in nonlinear spectroscopy. A study is made of the influence of the saturation effect and of the frequency detuning from one- and two-photon resonances on the conversion processes and estimates are obtained for a specific molecular gas. It is shown that in the case of two-frequency interaction under double resonance conditions the efficiency of conversion of a probe wave into a wave at the signal frequency increases at least several hundred times, compared with the case of the one-frequency interaction.