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Applied Physics Letters

Absolute active frequency locking of a diode laser with optical feedback generated by Doppler-free collinear polarization spectroscopy

Zi Dong Liu, Daniel Bloch, M. Ducloy

Published Jul 18, 1994• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Absolute stabilization of the emission frequency of a laser diode can be achieved in a nearly all-optical scheme involving a resonant optical feedback from an atomic signal. We propose here two novel schemes of collinear Doppler-free polarization spectroscopy and report on preliminary experimental demonstrations of diode frequency locking performed on the D2 line of Rb.

DOI
10.1063/1.112369

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Absolute stabilization of the emission frequency of a laser diode can be achieved in a nearly all-optical scheme involving a resonant optical feedback from an atomic signal. We propose here two novel schemes of collinear Doppler-free polarization spectroscopy and report on preliminary experimental demonstrations of diode frequency locking performed on the D2 line of Rb.
The stabilizing and shifting of laser frequency are very important for the interaction between the laser and atoms. The modulation transfer spectroscopy for the 87 Rb atom with D2 line transition F = 2 → F′ = 3 is used for stabilizing and shifting the frequency of the external cavity grating feedback diode laser. The resonant phase modulator with electro—optical effect is used to generate frequency sideband to lock the laser frequency. In the locking scheme, circularly polarized pump- and probe-beams are used. By optimizing the temperature of the vapor, the pump- and probe-beam intensity, the laser linewidth of 280 kHz is obtained. Furthermore, the magnetic field generated by a solenoid is added into the system. Therefore the system can achieve the frequency locking at any point in a range of hundreds of megahertz frequency shifting with very low power loss.
Abstract Locking laser frequencies to Doppler-free spectra produced by the interaction of light with alkali atoms in a vapor cell is a promising approach for realizing compact atomic optical frequency reference. In this work, we employ counter-propagating monochromatic laser beams with a polarization angle of 45° to interact with 87 Rb atoms in a 3 mm cubic vapor cell, inducing coherent resonance. By detecting the laser polarization rotation, we obtain a Doppler free spectral line, which is used as a reference for laser frequency locking, thus realizing an optical reference. We build two nominally identical systems and measure their beatnote, yielding a fractional frequency stability of 5.3×10 -13 at 1 s. This study demonstrates that the proposed scheme is a competitive approach for realizing high performance compact atomic optical reference.
We present a method of diode laser frequency stabilization based on the Faraday rotation of linearly polarized light passing through an atomic sample in the presence of a very modest (1mT) magnetic field. Near the zero crossing of this spectroscopic feature, an optical system capable of very precise polarimetry detects and corrects for very small frequency fluctuations via a feedback system, which keeps the rotation signal at zero. In our application, we have demonstrated robust frequency stabilization over time scales from 10ms to 1h at the 1MHz level or below. We utilize this technique to lock our laser to a “forbidden” M1∕E2 transition in thallium at 1283nm, for which saturated absorption techniques are not straightforward. This technique has broad applicability to spectroscopy of various atomic systems as we also demonstrate using a Rb cell and a 780nm diode laser.
The stabilizing and shifting of laser frequency are very important for the interaction between the laser and atoms. The modulation transfer spectroscopy for the87 Rb atom with D2 line transition F = 2 → F = 3 is used for stabilizing and shifting the frequency of the external cavity grating feedback diode laser. The resonant phase modulator with electro–optical effect is used to generate frequency sideband to lock the laser frequency. In the locking scheme, circularly polarized pump- and probe-beams are used. By optimizing the temperature of the vapor, the pump- and probe-beam intensity, the laser linewidth of 280 kHz is obtained. Furthermore, the magnetic field generated by a solenoid is added into the system. Therefore the system can achieve the frequency locking at any point in a range of hundreds of megahertz frequency shifting with very low power loss.