Bell state analysis (BSA) constitutes a foundational operation for distinguishing Bell states in numerous quantum information processing (QIP) protocols. In this work, we propose a theoretical scheme for realizing a perfect BSA tailored for polarized Bell states, with assistance from orbital angular momentum (OAM) and path entanglement. The linear-optics-based architecture for BSA circumvents the inherent limitations of nonlinear optical processes and enhances the robustness against environmental noise -- a major challenge in practical QIP implementations. The integrating hyperentanglement (combining polarization, OAM, and path degrees of freedom (DOFs)) raises the theoretical success probability to 100%, achieving deterministic BSA. This deterministic BSA scheme offers a promising route toward practical, high-performance QIP in photonic systems, leveraging current experimental techniques and addressing key limitations of existing methods.Bell state analysis (BSA) constitutes a foundational operation for distinguishing Bell states in numerous quantum information processing (QIP) protocols. In this work, we propose a theoretical scheme for realizing a perfect BSA tailored for polarized Bell states, with assistance from orbital angular momentum (OAM) and path entanglement. The linear-optics-based architecture for BSA circumvents the inherent limitations of nonlinear optical processes and enhances the robustness against environmental noise -- a major challenge in practical QIP implementations. The integrating hyperentanglement (combining polarization, OAM, and path degrees of freedom (DOFs)) raises the theoretical success probability to 100%, achieving deterministic BSA. This deterministic BSA scheme offers a promising route toward practical, high-performance QIP in photonic systems, leveraging current experimental techniques and addressing key limitations of existing methods.

quant-pharXiv:2511.17011Nov 24, 20250 citations

Hybrid entanglement swapping of photons: Creating the orbital angular momentum Bell states and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states

Lixiang Chen, Weilong She

Twisted photons offer a high-dimensional Hilbert space with the degree of freedom of orbital angular momentum (OAM). Entanglement swapping allows entangling photons that never interact. We report in this paper the hybrid entanglement swapping from multiphoton spin-entangled states to multiphoton OAM entangled states with the aid of $N$ -pair hybrid spin-OAM entangled photons. Our scheme provides a feasible method for creating the two-photon OAM Bell states $(N=2)$ or multiphoton multidimensional OAM Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states $(N\ensuremath{\ge}3)$. We highlight the advantage of multiparticle, multidimensional entangled states in some applications of quantum information protocols.Twisted photons offer a high-dimensional Hilbert space with the degree of freedom of orbital angular momentum (OAM). Entanglement swapping allows entangling photons that never interact. We report in this paper the hybrid entanglement swapping from multiphoton spin-entangled states to multiphoton OAM entangled states with the aid of $N$-pair hybrid spin-OAM entangled photons. Our scheme provides a feasible method for creating the two-photon OAM Bell states $(N=2)$ or multiphoton multidimensional OAM Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states $(N\ensuremath{\ge}3)$. We highlight the advantage of multiparticle, multidimensional entangled states in some applications of quantum information protocols.

Physical Review AJan 14, 201121 citations

Entanglement of Orbital Angular Momentum States as Resource for Quantum Networks

遼太郎井上, Ryotaro Inoue

Mar 1, 20090 citations

Hybrid entanglement carrying orbital angular momentum

Fengyi Xu, Meihong Wang, Chenyu Qiao +3 more

中国科学通报：英文版Jan 7, 202513 citations

N

-pair hybrid spin-OAM entangled photons. Our scheme provides a feasible method for creating the two-photon OAM Bell states

(N=2)

or multiphoton multidimensional OAM Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states $(N\ensuremath{\ge}3)$. We highlight the advantage of multiparticle, multidimensional entangled states in some applications of quantum information protocols.