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Optics Letters

Manipulating the retrieved frequency and polarization of stored light pulses

Yong‐Fan Chen, Pei-Chen Kuan, Shih-Hao Wang, Chang-Yi Wang, Ite A. Yu

Published Nov 9, 2006• 26 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have experimentally demonstrated that stored and retrieved light pulses have different frequencies but maintain phase coherence; a stored light pulse is released with a different polarization. However, the manipulation process causes an energy loss of the retrieved pulse. We have discovered that Clebsch-Gordan coefficients among the Zeeman sublevels play an important role in the energy loss and have demonstrated a solution for avoiding the energy loss.

DOI
10.1364/ol.31.003511

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We have experimentally demonstrated that stored and retrieved light pulses have different frequencies but maintain phase coherence; a stored light pulse is released with a different polarization. However, the manipulation process causes an energy loss of the retrieved pulse. We have discovered that Clebsch-Gordan coefficients among the Zeeman sublevels play an important role in the energy loss and have demonstrated a solution for avoiding the energy loss.
We have systematically studied the method proposed by Patnaik et al. [Phys. Rev. A 69, 035803 (2004)] that manipulates the retrieval of stored light pulses. The measured probe pulse width of the retrieval is inversely proportional to the intensity of the reading field. We also show that the method does not introduce any phase shift or jump into the retrieved pulses. Our study demonstrates that the distortion at the output of the light storage can be corrected by manipulating the retrieval process and the phase information of the stored pulses can remain intact during the process.
We consider storage and retrieval of light based on electromagnetically induced transparency in an atomic medium using nonadiabatic switching of a control field. We derive various conditions for writing (and reading) the light information to (and from) the atomic coherence. We obtain an analytical solution for the retrieval of the stored pulse that is in excellent agreement with the full numerical results. We identify the origin of distortion at the output and derive a condition to correct the distortions by manipulating the retrieval process.
We have studied the role of degenerate Zeeman states in the storage and retrieval of light pulses in the three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type system of electromagnetically induced transparency. A probe pulse with the ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{+}$ polarization is stored in the medium and subsequently released with the ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\ensuremath{-}}$ polarization. However, the manipulation of the retrieved polarization causes an energy loss. Our study shows that the incompatibility between the stored ground-state coherence and the ratio of the probe and coupling Clebsch-Gordan coefficients is responsible for the energy loss. Such energy loss can be avoided as long as all population accumulates in a single Zeeman state. We provide the useful knowledge for the light-storage technique and demonstrate that the degenerate Zeeman states should be considered in the relevant applications.
Coherent optical memory based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) offers a convenient way to convert the frequency or polarization of an optical probe pulse by storing in one $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ system and retrieving in another $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ system. We present a theoretical study on the efficiency variation of such an EIT-memory-based optical converter in an atomic system with degenerate Zeeman states. Based on the Maxwell-Bloch equation, we obtain an approximate analytic solution for the converted light pulses which clarifies that two major factors affect the efficiency of the converted pulses. The first one is the finite bandwidth effect of the pulses and the difference in the delay-bandwidth product of the writing and reading channel due to the difference in the transition dipole moment. The second one is the mismatch between the stored ground-state coherence and the ratio of the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients for the probe and control transition in the reading channel, which results in a nonadiabatic energy loss. To correspond to real experimental conditions, we also perform a numerical calculation of the variation in conversion efficiency versus the Zeeman population distribution under the Zeeman-state optical pumping in storing a ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{+}$-polarized pulse and retrieving with ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ polarization in cesium atoms. Our work provides essential physical insights and quantitative knowledge for the development of a coherent optical converter based on EIT-memory.