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Journal of Luminescence

Transient optical response of strongly correlated low-dimensional electron systems

Akira Takahashi, Masaki Aihara, Hiroki Gomi, Hisashi Itoh

Published Mar 25, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.jlumin.2006.01.163

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The U(1) holon-pair boson theory of Lee and Salk [Phys. Rev. B 64, 052501 (2001)] is applied to investigate the quantum scaling behavior of optical conductivity in the two-dimensional systems of strongly correlated electrons. We examine the role of both the gauge field fluctuations and spin pair excitations on the $\ensuremath{\omega}∕T$ scaling behavior of the optical conductivity. It is shown that the gauge field fluctuations but not the spin pair excitations are responsible for the scaling behavior in the low-frequency region $\ensuremath{\omega}∕T⪡1$. The importance for the contribution of the nodal spinons to the Drude peak is discussed. It is shown that the $\ensuremath{\omega}∕T$ scaling behavior is manifest in the low-frequency region at low hole concentrations close to a critical concentration at which superconductivity arises at T=0KT=0\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}T=0K.
Abstract Strongly correlated solids are complex and fascinating quantum systems, where new electronic states continue to emerge, especially when interaction with light triggers interplay between them. In this interplay, a sub-laser-cycle electronic response is particularly attractive as a tool for the ultrafast manipulation of matter at the petahertz scale. Here we introduce a new type of nonlinear multidimensional spectroscopy, which allows us to unravel charge and energy flows in strongly correlated systems interacting with few-cycle infrared pulses and the complex interplay between different correlated states evolving on the sub-femtosecond timescale. We demonstrate that the sub-cycle spectroscopy of a single-particle electronic response is extremely sensitive to correlated many-body dynamics and provides direct access to many-body response functions. For the two-dimensional Hubbard model under the influence of ultrashort, intense electric-field transients, we resolve the sub-femtosecond pathways of charge and energy flows between localized and delocalized many-body states and the creation of a highly correlated state surviving after the end of the laser pulse. Our findings open the way towards a regime of imaging and manipulating strongly correlated materials at optical rates, beyond the multicycle approach employed in Floquet engineering, with the sub-cycle response being a key tool for accessing many-body phenomena.