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Chinese Optics Letters

具有空间调制非线性的物质波亮孤子的演化

Yongshan Cheng, Fei Liu

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The evolution characteristics of a matter-wave bright soliton are investigated by means of the variational approach in the presence of spatially varying nonlinearity.It is found that the atom density envelope of the soliton is changed as a result of the spatial variation of the s-wave scattering length.The stable soliton can exist in appropriate initial conditions.The movement of the soliton depends on the sign and value of the coefficient of spatially modulated nonlinearity.These theoretical predictions are confirmed by the full numerical simulations of the one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation.

DOI
10.3788/col20090709.0834

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The evolution characteristics of a matter-wave bright soliton are investigated by means of the variational approach in the presence of spatially varying nonlinearity.It is found that the atom density envelope of the soliton is changed as a result of the spatial variation of the s-wave scattering length.The stable soliton can exist in appropriate initial conditions.The movement of the soliton depends on the sign and value of the coefficient of spatially modulated nonlinearity.These theoretical predictions are confirmed by the full numerical simulations of the one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation.
Effect of the nonlinear spatial modulation on the evolution of twocomponent linear coupling Bose-Einstein condensate bright solitons trapped in a harmonic potential has been investigated numerically.It is indicated that the atomic density envelope of the soltions is changed with the spatial variation of s-wave scattering length,and the soliton exists in stable state under appropriate conditions.The evolution of solitons depends on the sign and value of the coefficient of the nonlinear spatial modulation.
We investigate the dynamics of matter-wave solitons in the presence of a spatially varying atomic scattering length and nonlinearity. The dynamics of bright and dark solitary waves is studied using the corresponding Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The numerical results are shown to be in very good agreement with the predictions of the effective equations of motion derived by adiabatic perturbation theory. The spatially dependent nonlinearity is found to lead to a gravitational potential, as well as to a renormalization of the parabolic potential coefficient. This feature allows one to influence the motion of fundamental as well as higher-order solitons.
We study the motion of bright matter-wave solitons in nonlinear potentials, produced by periodic or random spatial variations of the atomic scattering length. We obtain analytical results for the soliton motion, the radiation of matter wave, and the radiative soliton decay in such configurations of the Bose-Einstein condensate. The stable regimes of propagation are analyzed. The results are in remarkable agreement with the numerical simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with periodic or random spatial variations of the mean field interactions.
We introduce a dynamical model of a Bose-Einstein condensate based on the one-dimensional (1D) Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) with a nonlinear optical lattice (NOL), which is represented by the cubic term whose coefficient is periodically modulated in the coordinate. The model describes a situation when the atomic scattering length is spatially modulated, via the optically controlled Feshbach resonance, in an optical lattice created by interference of two laser beams. Relatively narrow solitons supported by the NOL are predicted by means of the variational approximation (VA), and an averaging method is applied to broad solitons. A different feature is a minimum norm (number of atoms), N = N(min), necessary for the existence of solitons. The VA predicts N(min) very accurately. Numerical results are chiefly presented for the NOL with the zero spatial average value of the nonlinearity coefficient. Solitons with values of the amplitude A larger than at N = N(min) are stable. Unstable solitons with smaller, but not too small, A rearrange themselves into persistent breathers. For still smaller A, the soliton slowly decays into radiation without forming a breather. Broad solitons with very small A are practically stable, as their decay is extremely slow. These broad solitons may freely move across the lattice, featuring quasielastic collisions. Narrow solitons, which are strongly pinned to the NOL, can easily form stable complexes. Finally, the weakly unstable low-amplitude solitons are stabilized if a cubic term with a constant coefficient, corresponding to weak attraction, is included in the GPE.
We investigate the properties of modulational instability in the Salerno equation in quasi-one dimension in Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). We analyzed the regions of modulational instability of nonlinear plane waves and determine the conditions of its existence in BEC. The existence and stability of strongly localized modes in discrete media is investigated with the framework of the Salerno model by using a linear analysis method. The regions of stability and instability are determined. Also the existence of localized modes for different values of parameters is shown numerically by homoclinic orbits intersection method. The response of Bose–Einstein condensates is studied with strong dipole–dipole atomic interactions to periodically varying perturbation. The dynamics is governed by the Gross–Pitaevskii equation with an additional nonlinear term, corresponding to nonlocal dipolar interactions. A mathematical model, based on the variational approximation, has been developed and applied to study parametric excitation of the condensates due to coefficient of nonlocal nonlinearity varying periodically. The model predicts the waveform of solitons in dipolar condensates and describes their small amplitude dynamics quite accurately. Theoretical predictions are verified by numerical simulations of the nonlocal Gross–Pitaevskii equation and a good agreement between them is found. The results can lead to better understanding of the properties of ultra-cold quantum gases, such as 52Cr, 164Dy and 168Er, where the long-range dipolar atomic interactions dominate the usual contact interactions. Dynamics of a matter wave soliton bouncing on the reflecting surface (atomic mirror) under the effect of gravity has been studied by analytical and numerical means. The iv analytical description is based on the variational approach. Resonant oscillations of the soliton's center of mass and width, induced by appropriate modulation of the atomic scattering length and the slope of the linear potential are analyzed. In numerical experiments, we observe the Fermi type acceleration of the soliton when the vertical position of the reflecting surface is periodically varied in time. Analytical predictions are compared with the results of numerical simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and a qualitative agreement between them is found.
The interaction of two coupled binary matter wave bright solitons is investigated by means of the variational approach in the presence of spatially varying nonlinearity. The effective potential characterizing the interaction between the two solitons is obtained. It is shown that the effective potential is composed of three parts, related to the spatially modulated nonlinearity, the external trapping potential and the interaction of the two coupled solitons. The spatially modulated nonlinearity induces a pseudo-potential and the solitons can be accelerated by the spatially modulated nonlinearity. The effect depends on the sign and value of the spatially modulated coefficient. The interaction of two coupled binary matter wave bright solitons is of short range, and may be attractive or repulsive depending on the sign of the interspecies interactions. Under the appropriate condition, the two coupled solitons can evolve stably and do not coalesce. The neighbouring binary Bose-Einstein condensates are also available as media to create symbiotic bright solitons. The validity of the theoretical predictions is verified by the numerical integration of the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations.