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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Bose–Einstein condensates in tailored micro potentials

József Fortágh

Published Jan 1, 2005• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A combination of a large scaled 'carrier chip' and micron scaled 'atom-optics chips' is used for phase coherent manipulation Bose–Einstein condensates. Diffraction of condensates from a magnetic lattice potential is observed up to the fifth order.
DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/19/1/016

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We present experiments with Bose-Einstein condensates on a combined atom chip. The combined structure consists of a large-scale ``carrier chip'' and smaller ``atom-optics chips,'' containing micron-sized elements. This allows us to work with condensates very close to chip surfaces without suffering from fragmentation or losses due to thermally driven spin flips. Precise three-dimensional positioning and transport with constant trap frequencies are described. Bose-Einstein condensates were manipulated with submicron accuracy above atom-optics chips. As an application of atom chips, a direction sensitive magnetic-field microscope is demonstrated.
We experimentally study the diffraction of a Bose-Einstein condensate from a magnetic lattice, realized by a set of 372 parallel gold conductors which are microfabricated on a silicon substrate. The conductors generate a periodic potential for the atoms with a lattice constant of 4 microm. After exposing the condensate to the lattice for several milliseconds we observe diffraction up to fifth order by standard time of flight imaging techniques. The experimental data can be quantitatively interpreted with a simple phase imprinting model. The demonstrated diffraction grating offers promising perspectives for the construction of an integrated atom interferometer.
We report the phase coherent splitting of Bose-Einstein condensates by means of a phase grating produced near the surface of a microelectronic chip. A lattice potential with a period of 4 mum is generated by the superposition of static and oscillating magnetic fields. Precise control of the diffraction is achieved by controlling the currents in the integrated conductors. The interference of overlapping diffraction orders is observed after 8 ms of propagation in a harmonic trap and subsequent ballistic expansion of the atomic ensemble. By analyzing the interference pattern we show a reproducible phase relation between the diffraction orders with an uncertainty limited by the resolution of the diffraction grating.