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Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Coherence via decoherence

Marc Bienert, Matthias Freyberger

Published Dec 1, 2001• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

In general, decoherence destroys quantum-mechanical interference originating from the coherent superposition of complex probability amplitudes. In this paper we show how decoherence of a quantized electromagnetic field inside a cavity influences atomic motion. This motion is entangled with the internal states of the atom and with the quantized field via the Jaynes-Cummings interaction. As a result, we present the effect of generating coherence in the subspace of the atomic motion via decoherence of the cavity field. The quantum trajectory method is used for the description of the relaxation process.

DOI
10.1209/epl/i2001-00565-4

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In general, decoherence destroys quantum-mechanical interference originating from the coherent superposition of complex probability amplitudes. In this paper we show how decoherence of a quantized electromagnetic field inside a cavity influences atomic motion. This motion is entangled with the internal states of the atom and with the quantized field via the Jaynes-Cummings interaction. As a result, we present the effect of generating coherence in the subspace of the atomic motion via decoherence of the cavity field. The quantum trajectory method is used for the description of the relaxation process.
The reduced dynamics of an atomic qubit coupled both to its own quantized center of mass motion through the spatial mode functions of the electromagnetic field, as well as the vacuum modes, is calculated in the influence functional formalism. The formalism chosen can describe the entangled non-Markovian evolution of the system with a full account of the coherent back-action of the environment on the qubit. We find a slight increase in the decoherence due to the quantized center of mass motion and give a condition on the mass and qubit resonant frequency for which the effect is important. In optically resonant alkali-metal atom systems, we find the effect to be negligibly small. The framework presented here can nevertheless be used for general considerations of the coherent evolution of qubits in moving atoms in an electromagnetic field.
We consider the resonant interaction of a cavity mode with a two-level atom that is driven by a coherent field while it crosses the cavity. Starting from the cavity field in a coherent state, we show that the state of the system can reach the maximum entanglement after a unitary evolution for long enough interaction times. Also we illustrate how the generation of cavity field superposition states can allow, in the open system dynamics, the observation of their decoherence in atomic correlation measurements, for any initial cavity field state, and even under the combined effects of dissipation, thermal noise, and atomic pumping.
We discuss the dynamical properties of quantum entanglement and partial entropy for moving three-level atom interacting with single-mode quantized field inside a phase-damped cavity for more general cases.The results show that the atomic motion and decoherence effects play an important role on the evolution of the system dynamics and quantum entanglement.Moreover, we show that the phenomena of long lived nonlocal correlation and short temporal disentanglement can be generated through specific values of phase damping and atomic motion parameter.
We present the time evolution of a two-level atom interacting dispersively with an electromagnetic field in a dissipative cavity. We investigate the influence of dissipation on the entanglement of the two subsystems (atom+field).(\mathrm{atom}+\mathrm{field}).(atom+field). Simple but realistic, the model displays several nontrivial quantum features, which emerge when an environment is taken into account: the cavity is shown to have practically no influence in the coherence properties of the field from the qualitative point of view. On the other hand, although the atom is not directly coupled to the cavity modes, its coherent properties are strongly influenced by dissipation both qualitatively as well as quantitatively.
In this paper, we study the multiphoton Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM) governed by the Milburn equation [G. J. Milburn, Phys. Rev. A 44, 5401 (1991); 47, 2415 (1993)], which models the decoherence of a quantum system as the quantum system evolves through intrinsic mechanisms beyond conventional quantum mechanics. We give an exact solution of this equation for the multiphoton Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian and apply it to investigate the influence of the intrinsic decoherence on nonclassical effects (atomic inversion, oscillations of the photon-number distribution, squeezing of the cavity field, and photon antibunching) in the JCM. It is shown that during the time evolution, the intrinsic decoherence in the atom-field interaction suppresses these nonclassical behaviors in the JCM.