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Physical Review A

Dissipative dynamics of the Jaynes-Cummings model in the dispersive approximation: Analytical results

J. G. Peixoto de Faria, Maria Carolina Nemes

Published May 1, 1999• 125 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present the time evolution of a two-level atom interacting dispersively with an electromagnetic field in a dissipative cavity. We investigate the influence of dissipation on the entanglement of the two subsystems $(\mathrm{atom}+\mathrm{field}).$ Simple but realistic, the model displays several nontrivial quantum features, which emerge when an environment is taken into account: the cavity is shown to have practically no influence in the coherence properties of the field from the qualitative point of view. On the other hand, although the atom is not directly coupled to the cavity modes, its coherent properties are strongly influenced by dissipation both qualitatively as well as quantitatively.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.59.3918

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We present the linear entropy dynamics of the field state in the dispersive cavity in the Jaynes-Cummings model with an intensity-dependent coupling in the dispersive approximation and investigate the influence of dissipation on entanglement between the field and the atoms. We show that the coherence properties of the field are also affected by the cavity when the nonlinear process of the field interacting with the atoms with an intensity-dependent coupling is involved and find that the dissipation constant, the intensity of the field and the atomic distribution angle have different influence on the coherence properties of the field.
We present the linear entropy dynamics of the field state in the dispersive cavity in the Jaynes-Cummings model with an intensity-dependent coupling in the dispersive approximation, and investigate the influence of dissipation on entanglement between the field and the atoms. We show that the coherence properties of the field are also affected by the cavity when the nonlinear process of the field interacting with the atoms with an intensity-dependent coupling is involved, and find that the dissipation constant, the intensity of the field and the atomic distribution angle have different influence on the coherence properties of the field.
The full quantum theory is applied to the investigation of the entanglement between atom and field and the losses of coherence of the total system and its subsystems in the Jaynes-Cummings model with a Kerr medium.Linear entropies of the system,the atom and the field are calculated under the assumptions of dispersive atom-field interaction and initial coherent field states.The results show that the coherence loss of the atom is independent of the Kerr effect,the coherence loss of the system and that of the field are enhanced by the presence of the Kerr medium,and the entanglement between atom and field is suppressed by the medium.The time evolution of field entropy is affected by the cavity dissipation qualitatively as well as quantitatively.Only through cavity dissipation can the influence of Kerr effect on field entropy exhibit.
We investigate the influence of dissipation on the entanglement among N identical two-level atoms. We analyse the situation of N two-level atoms in a dispersive cavity or in N dispersive cavities, both in W-like and in GHZ states for N atoms. By considering the Jaynes–Cummings model in the dispersive regime, and a master equation formalism, we compute the time evolution of the entanglement of the atoms, in a variety of situations. We find that, depending on whether the atoms are located in one or N cavities, and on their initial entangled state, the subsequent dynamics will be very different, specifically, exponential decay to coherent oscillations, exponential decay to steady values, or collapse and revival.
We examine the dynamics of bipartite quantum entanglement between a two-level atom and the electromagnetic field. We begin with the Jaynes-Cummings model with a single field mode and examine in detail the exact time evolution of entanglement, including cases where the atomic state is initially mixed and the atomic transition is detuned from resonance. We then explore the effects of other nearby modes by calculating the exact time evolution of entanglement in more complex systems with two, three, and five field modes. For these cases we can obtain exact solutions which include the strong-coupling regime. Finally, we consider the entanglement of a two-level atom with the infinite collection of modes present in the intracavity field of a Fabre-Perot cavity. In contrast to the usual treatment of atom-field interactions with a continuum of modes using the Born-Markov approximation, our treatment in all cases describes the full non-Markovian dynamics of the atomic subsystem under general couplings. Only when an analytic expression for the infinite mode case is desired do we need to make a weak coupling assumption which at late times approximates Markovian dynamics.
The temporal evolution of entanglement for a single-mode field interacting with a two-level atom via intensity-dependent coupling in the off-resonant case has been studied, where the leakage of photon through the cavity is taken into account. The effects of cavity damping on the coherence properties of the atom and the field are studied. The amount of entanglement is compared with the total correlations. It is found that the atom–field system is inhibited from going into a pure state in the off-resonant case.