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Optics Letters

Reciprocity in photorefractive wave mixing

Claire Gu, Pochi Yeh

Published Apr 1, 1991• 21 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider the validity of the reciprocity theorem as applied to steady-state photorefractive wave mixing. constants of integration in four-wave mixing are physically interpreted as results of reciprocity.
DOI
10.1364/ol.16.000455

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Reciprocity is a fundamental law in both quantum physics1 and classical physics.2 For electromagnetic scattering by a static dielectric medium, the reciprocity relationship is written as S(k,k′) = S(-k′,-k), where S(k,k′) is the amplitude-scattering coefficient for incident plane wave with wave vector k and scattered plane wave with wave vector k'. Notice that (-k',-k) is the reversed scattering process of the direct scattering (k,k′), and the reciprocity relationship stated above is valid even when the medium has absorption loss.
The stability of the steady-state solutions of four-wave mixing in photorefractive crystals has been studied. Two complementary methods have been used: linear stability analysis and time integration of the nonlinear equations. A critical dependence of the stability on the phase of the perturbation has been revealed. The existence of two stable solutions for certain values of some parameters has been found. Also, regimes of unstable behavior in cases with a unique steady-state solution for large values of the pump ratio have been found.