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Laser Physics

Mott-insulator-SF transition lobe in the presence of a second superfluid component

Barbara Capogrosso-Sansone, Marco Guglielmino, Vittorio Penna

Published Jun 23, 2011• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A two-component bosonic mixture loaded in a two-dimensional optical lattice is analyzed. By means of Mean-Field techniques and Worm algorithm Monte Carlo simulations, we study the effect of the presence of a second minority superfluid component on the first Mott lobe. We observe a reduction of the latter and different renormalization of the two boundaries. Our results are of interest for current experimental setups.

DOI
10.1134/s1054660x11150023

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A two-component bosonic mixture loaded in a two-dimensional optical lattice is analyzed. By means of Mean-Field techniques and Worm algorithm Monte Carlo simulations, we study the effect of the presence of a second minority superfluid component on the first Mott lobe. We observe a reduction of the latter and different renormalization of the two boundaries. Our results are of interest for current experimental setups.
We perform a numeric study (worm algorithm Monte Carlo simulations) of ultracold two-component bosons in two-dimensional optical lattices. We study how the Mott-insulator--to--superfluid transition is affected by the presence of a second superfluid bosonic species. We find that, at fixed interspecies interaction, the upper and lower boundaries of the Mott lobe are differently modified. The lower boundary is strongly renormalized even for relatively low filling factor of the second component and moderate (interspecies) interaction. The upper boundary, instead, is affected only for large enough filling of the second component. Whereas boundaries are renormalized we find evidence of polaron-like excitations. Our results are of interest for current experimental setups.
We examine the quench dynamics across quantum phase transitions from a Mott insulator (MI) to a superfluid (SF) phase in a two-component bosonic mixture in an optical lattice. We show that two-component Bose mixtures exhibit qualitatively different quantum dynamics than one-component Bose gas. In addition to second-order MI-SF transitions, we investigate quench dynamics across a first-order MI-SF phase boundary. The Bose mixtures show the critical slowing down of dynamics near the critical transition point, as proposed by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. For MI-SF transitions with homogeneous lattice-site distributions in the MI phase, the dynamical critical exponents extracted by the power-law scaling of the proposed quantities obtained via numerical simulations are in very close agreement with the mean-field predictions.
We study Andreev-Bashkin drag interactions between the superflow of different components in the superfluid phase of a three-component Bose-Hubbard model without component-mixing interactions, relevant for cold atom systems subjected to an optical lattice. By means of directed worm algorithm path integral Monte Carlo simulations we produce the phase diagram of the superfluid drag density as a function of the nearest-neighbor hopping amplitude and the chemical potential in the case of component-symmetric parameters. In both one and two dimensions, we find an expected region of negative drag close to the tip of the first Mott lobe and a generalization of the two-component supercounterfluid phase in parts of this region. In addition, we also find a more trivial positive drag with strongest presence below the Mott lobe. Further, we investigate the dependence of the drag on the details of the intercomponent interactions strengths in the weakly-coupled regime. In accordance with mean-field results obtained by Stian Hartman, we find that, unlike in the two-component case, the drag is no longer independent of the sign of the intercomponent interaction strengths. In particular, the drag between component a and b can either be strengthened or weakened by increasing interaction strength between component a and c, depending on the sign of the interaction strength between b and c.
A first-order type phase transition between Mott lobes has been reported in Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 135302 (2012) for a two-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model in the presence of an attractive three-body interaction. We revisit the scenario in systems of ultracold bosons both in one- and two-dimensional lattices using the density matrix renormalization group method and the self-consistent cluster mean-field theory approach, respectively. We show that an unconventional pairing of particles occurs due to the competing repulsive two-body and attractive three-body interactions. This leads to a pair superfluid phase sandwiched between the Mott insulator lobes corresponding to densities density one and three in the strongly interacting regime. This is in contrast to the direct first-order jump as predicted before. Interestingly, the Mott to pair superfluid phase transitions are found to be continuous in nature. We also show that the pair superfluid phase is robust with respect to the ratio between the two- and three-body interaction strengths. In the end, we establish a connection between the Bose-Hubbard model presented in Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 135302 (2012) with a more general Bose-Hubbard model and analyze the fate of the pair superfluid phase in the presence of an external trapping potential.
We report the observation of many-body interaction effects for a homonuclear bosonic mixture in a three-dimensional optical lattice with variable state dependence along one axis. Near the superfluid-to-Mott insulator transition for one component, we find that the presence of a second component can reduce the apparent superfluid coherence, most significantly when the second component either experiences a strongly localizing lattice potential or none at all. We examine this effect by varying the relative populations and lattice depths, and discuss the observed behavior in view of recent proposals for atomic-disorder and polaron-induced localization.
In the present work we discuss inter-species entanglement in Bose-Bose mixtures trapped in optical lattices. This work is motivated by the observation that, in the presence of a second component, the Mott-insulator lobe shifts {\em{differently}} on the hole- and particle-side with respect to the Mott lobe of the single species system (Phys. Rev. A 82, 021601, Laser Phys. 21, 1443). We use perturbation theory, formulated in a Hilbert space decomposed by means of lattice symmetries, in order to show that the nonuniform shift of the Mott lobe is a consequence of an inter-species entanglement which differs in the lowest excited states to remove and add a particle. Our results indicate that inter-species entanglement in mixtures can provide a new perspective in understanding quantum phase transitions. To validate our approach, we compare our results from perturbation theory with quantum Monte Carlo simulations.