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Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Electromagnetic-induced transparency of Wannier-Mott excitons

M. Artoni, Giuseppe Carlo La Rocca, F. Bassani

Published Feb 15, 2000• 39 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We predict a remarkable quenching of the absorption due to electromagnetic-induced transparency in an undoped bulk semiconductor. For free-exciton lines the effect is expected to be as large as that observed in atomic systems. The conditions for its occurrence are determined and numerical estimates are presented for the specific case of the "yellow" exciton of

DOI
10.1209/epl/i2000-00169-0

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We predict a remarkable quenching of the absorption due to electromagnetic-induced transparency in an undoped bulk semiconductor. For free-exciton lines the effect is expected to be as large as that observed in atomic systems. The conditions for its occurrence are determined and numerical estimates are presented for the specific case of the "yellow" exciton of
The phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) was discovered by Adriano Gozzini and coworkers in 1976 in Pisa. Novel schemes to investigate and exploit EIT in the optical domain have attracted much interest both in atomic and solid state systems. We discuss some of our recent theoretical results, in particular: i) a well developed EIT regime based on free exciton levels in undoped bulk crystalline Cu2O; ii) light dragging effects in moving media under EIT; iii) the coherent control of Cherenkov radiation in the EIT regime.
In this paper, we review our recent experimental studies on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) from electron spin coherences in semiconductor quantum wells. Coherent Raman resonances, manifestations of EIT from electron spin coherences at relatively low pump intensities, were demonstrated in both V-type and Λ-type three-level systems via heavy-hole exciton and trion transitions in undoped and doped quantum wells, respectively. Coherent Raman resonances from electron spin coherences via light-hole transitions were also demonstrated in a waveguide geometry that enables a long optical interaction length as well as a large absorption coefficient. Experimental approaches that can avoid or reduce detrimental many-body effects in quantum wells are suggested for the realization of nearly ideal EIT processes.
We report an experimental demonstration and theoretical analysis of electromagnetically induced transparency in a GaAs quantum well, in which the absorption of an exciton resonance is reduced by more than twentyfold. The destructive quantum interference in this scheme is set up by a control pulse that couples to a resonance of biexcitons. These studies illustrate that many-particle interactions, which are inherent in semiconductors and are often detrimental to quantum coherences, can also be harnessed to manipulate these coherences.
The present paper has the dual purposes. As the first purpose, it is demonstrated that the boson description of Wannier excitons introduced in the preceding paper is suitable also to discussion of non-linear coherent interaction of Wannier excitons with the radiation field. The second purpose is to discuss the possibility of self-induced transparency due to Wannier excitons on the basis of the boson description by making clear the difference between a two-level atomic system and a system of excitons which can propagate in a crystal as polariton. As a result, stable pulse propagation of the radiation field is shown to be prevented by the polariton effect of excitons.