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Journal of Shanghai University (English Edition)

Theoretical investigation of light generated by optical parametric down-conversion and its application in the demonstration of the EPR paradox

Chao Zhao

Published Apr 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11741-007-0221-z

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Over the past three decades, numerous demonstrations of the violation of Bell’s inequalities have been reported in optical experiments based upon observations of polarization correlations for photon pairs. Without exception, these measurements as well as those in other systems have involved discrete variables for which the Bell inequalities are applicable. By contrast, an experiment to demonstrate the original proposal by Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen (EPR)1 for a system of observables with a continuous spectrum has not previously been realized. From many possible theoretical avenues, we have followed the suggestion of Reid and Drummond2 to achieve a demonstration of the EPR paradox for continuous variables by employing a subthreshold optical parametric oscillator (OPO) operated in a frequency-degenerate but polarization-nondegenerate mode.
We demonstrate EPR entanglement by detecting purely spatial quantum correlations in the near and far-field of spontaneous parametric down conversion generated in a type II BBO crystal. Full field imaging is performed in the photon counting regime with an electron-multiplying CCD (EMCCD) camera. The data are used without any post-selection and we obtain a violation of Heisenberg inequalities with inferred quantities in both transverse dimensions taking into account all the biphoton pairs in both the near and far field, by integration on the entire two dimensional transverse planes. This ensures a rigorous demonstration of the EPR paradox in its original position-momentum form.