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Few-Body Systems

Quadratic Algebra Approach to the Dirac Equation with Spin and Pseudospin Symmetry for the 4D Harmonic Oscillator and U(1) Monopole

Sohrab Aghaei, Alireza Chenaghlou

Published Dec 7, 2014• 11 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s00601-014-0931-2

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Dirac's free particle equation originated in an attempt to express linearly the relativistic quadratic relation between energy and momentum. The authors introduce a Dirac equation which, besides the momentum, is also linear in the coordinates. They call it the Dirac oscillator because in the nonrelativistic limit it becomes a harmonic oscillator with a very strong spin-orbit coupling term. The eigenstates and eigenvalues of the Dirac oscillator can be obtained in an elementary fashion, with the degeneracy of the latter being quite different from that of the ordinary oscillator. They briefly mention the symmetry Lie algebra responsible for this degeneracy and the generalisation of the problem to many-particle systems.
In this work, we study the Dirac equation and Dirac harmonic oscillator in one-dimensional via the Dunkl algebra. By using Dunkl derivative, we solve the momentum operator and Hamiltonian that include the reflection symmetry. Based on the concept of the Wigner–Dunkl algebra and the functional analysis method, we have obtained the energy eigenvalue equation and the corresponding wave function for Dirac harmonic oscillator and Dirac equation, respectively. It is shown all results in the limit state satisfied what we had expected before.
The solutions to the Dirac equation are obtained in the spin and pseudospin symmetry limits are presented using the parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov (pNU) method with the inversely quadratic Hellman (IQH) potential. In the exact non-relativistic spin symmetry limit, the energy and wave function of the IQH potential are obtained and used to investigate the Shannon information entropy of the system. Numerical results of the relativistic energies of the spin and pseudospin symmetry limits of the Dirac equation with the IQH potential are presented and observed to exhibit degeneracy. Also, the results of the Shannon entropy for six states (n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) show that the momentum space wave function and probability density are better localized than the position space wave function. Also, the Bialynicki-Birula and Mycielski (BBM) inequality is verified for the system. Our results are found to be consistent with those previously reported in the literature.