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Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics

Hyperfine induced perturbation of the 5s19d Rydberg state of87Sr

R. Beigang, Daniel R. Schmidt, Andre Timmermann

Published Mar 28, 1982• 18 citations
Publisher

Abstract

High-resolution two-photon spectroscopy was applied to investigate the 5s19d Rydberg level of strontium. Transitions from the 1 S 0 ground state to the 5s19d 3 D 3 state were observed for 87 Sr (I=9/2), caused by local mixing between the 5snd 1 D 2 and 3 D 3 states induced by hyperfine interaction. A calculation shows excellent agreement with experiment.

DOI
10.1088/0022-3700/15/6/005

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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Apr 8, 2024•4 citations
High-resolution two-photon spectroscopy was applied to investigate the 5s19d Rydberg level of strontium. Transitions from the 1 S 0 ground state to the 5s19d 3 D 3 state were observed for 87 Sr (I=9/2), caused by local mixing between the 5snd 1 D 2 and 3 D 3 states induced by hyperfine interaction. A calculation shows excellent agreement with experiment.
The hyperfine structure of high Rydberg states of 87Sr^{87}\mathrm{Sr}87Sr was studied for principal quantum numbers 80< n< 15080<~n<~15080< n< 150. The hyperfine interaction causes a strong singlet-triplet mixing between levels with the same total angular momenta FFF but different quantum numbers nnn. Semiempirical calculations show excellent agreement with experiment.
High-resolution two-photon spectroscopy was applied to investigate the msns 1S0^{1}S_{0}1S0​ Rydberg states of the alkaline-earth elements Ca, Sr, and Ba. It is shown for 43Ca^{43}\mathrm{Ca}43Ca, 87Sr^{87}\mathrm{Sr}87Sr, 135Ba^{135}\mathrm{Ba}135Ba, and 137Ba^{137}\mathrm{Ba}137Ba that the hyperfine interaction causes a level shift between odd- and even-mass isotopes. A theoretical interpretation is presented which relates the energy-level shift for odd isotopes to the singlet-triplet separation which in turn is a function of the principal quantum number, and good agreement with the experimental results is found.
Doppler-free two-photon spectroscopy was applied to excite hyperfine-induced transitions from the $5{s}^{2}^{1}S_{0}$ ground state to the F=IF=IF=I component of the hyperfine multiplet of the 5sns3S15sns^{3}S_{1}5sns3S1​ Rydberg series of 87Sr^{87}\mathrm{Sr}87Sr (n=50,…,85n=50,\dots{},85n=50,…,85). The experimental data confirm the interpretation of hyperfine-induced singlet-triplet mixing which is related to the singlet-triplet energy separation.
We have performed high resolution photoassociation spectroscopy of rubidium ultralong-range Rydberg molecules in the vicinity of the 25P state. Because of the hyperfine interaction in the ground state perturber atom, the emerging mixed singlet-triplet potentials contain contributions from both hyperfine states. We show that this can be used to induce remote spin flips in the perturber atom upon excitation of a Rydberg molecule. Furthermore, when the spin-orbit splitting of the Rydberg state is comparable to the hyperfine splitting in the ground state, the orbital angular momentum of the Rydberg electron is entangled with the nuclear spin of the perturber atom. Our results open new possibilities for the implementation of spin-dependent interactions for ultracold atoms in bulk systems and in optical lattices.
Abstract This article presents spectroscopy results of the 5 s 5 p 3 P 0 → 5 s 5 d 3 D 1 transition in all isotopes of laser cooled Sr atoms and the utility of this transition for repumping application. By employing the 5 s 5 p 3 P 0 → 5 s 5 d 3 D 1 (483 nm) transition in combination with the excitation of 5 s 5 p 3 P 2 → 5 s 6 s 3 S 1 (707 nm) transition, we observe a significant increase (∼13 fold) in the steady state number of atoms in the magneto-optic trap. This enhancement is attributed to the efficient repumping of Sr atoms that have decayed into the dark 5 s 5 p 3 P 2 state by returning them to the ground state 5 s 2 1 S 0 without any loss into the other states. The absolute transition frequencies were measured with an absolute accuracy of 30 MHz. To support our measurements, we performed Fock-space relativistic coupled-cluster calculations of the relevant parameters in Sr To further increase the accuracy of the calculated properties, corrections from the Breit, quantum electrodynamical and perturbative triples were also included. The calculated branching ratio for the repumping state confirms the significantly increased population in the 3 P 1 state. Thereby, leading to an increase of population of atoms trapped due to the enhanced repumping. Our calculated hyperfine-splitting energies are in excellent agreement with the measured values. Moreover, our calculated isotope shifts in the transition frequencies are in good agreement with our measured values.