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Chinese Physics Letters

Nonlinear Intersubband Transitions in Square and Graded Quantum Wells Modulated by Intense Laser Field

E. Oztürk, İsmail Sökmen

Published Dec 1, 2014• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The intersubband optical absorption coefficients and the refractive index change depending on the intense laser field (ILF); both are calculated in a square quantum well (SQW) and a graded quantum well (GQW). Our results show that the position and the magnitude of the linear, nonlinear and total absorption coefficients and refractive index changes depend on the laser field parameter and the quantum well (QW) shape. By increasing the ILF value, we can obtain a red shift or a blue shift in the intersubband optical transitions as dependent on the shape of the QW. For the SQW, the intersubband absorption spectrum shows a blue shift up to the critical laser field value. This spectrum shows a red shift for ILF values larger than this certain value. For the GQW, the intersubband absorption spectrum shows a red shift by increasing the ILF. Thus the absorption coefficients and the refractive index changes, which can be suitable for great performance optical modulators and multiple infrared optical device applications, can be easily obtained by tuning the ILF value and the QW shape.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/31/12/127301

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The intersubband optical absorption coefficients and the refractive index change depending on the intense laser field (ILF); both are calculated in a square quantum well (SQW) and a graded quantum well (GQW). Our results show that the position and the magnitude of the linear, nonlinear and total absorption coefficients and refractive index changes depend on the laser field parameter and the quantum well (QW) shape. By increasing the ILF value, we can obtain a red shift or a blue shift in the intersubband optical transitions as dependent on the shape of the QW. For the SQW, the intersubband absorption spectrum shows a blue shift up to the critical laser field value. This spectrum shows a red shift for ILF values larger than this certain value. For the GQW, the intersubband absorption spectrum shows a red shift by increasing the ILF. Thus the absorption coefficients and the refractive index changes, which can be suitable for great performance optical modulators and multiple infrared optical device applications, can be easily obtained by tuning the ILF value and the QW shape.
Abstract For asymmetric triple quantum wells (ATQW) the linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficient (OAC) and the optical refractive index change (ORIC) are analyzed according to the intense laser field (ILF). The obtained results show that the ILF parameter ( ) has an important effect on the shape and height of the confined potential profile of the ATQW, and alterations in the energy levels and the dipole moment matrix elements depend on the shape of the confinement potential. For = 10 nm (according to the parameters used in this study), ATQW turns into an asymmetric wider double confinement potential. As a consequence of the energy difference between the energy states, the absorption spectrum of (1–2) and (1–3) optical transitions initially shows a redshift (up to = 6 nm and = 4 nm, respectively) and then indicates a blueshift by increasing the ILF. For the (2–3) transition, the optical absorption spectrum continuously shows a blueshift and displays an oncoming shift toward the higher energies. Thus, the linear and nonlinear OAC and ORIC may be adjusted by modifying the ILF parameter. Our results are of use in the investigation into new ways of manipulating the optoelectronic properties of triple quantum well devices. Highlights • The electronic and optical properties of ATQW vary with increasing ILF value. • The effect of ILF on the quantum well (QW) differs depending on the shape of the QW. • OAC and ORIC change with rising ILF. • The absorption spectrum shows blueshifts or redshifts depending on the ILF.
In this work, the effects of the structure parameters, such as the central barrier thickness and the aluminium concentrations x, on the linear and nonlinear intersubband optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes of the asymmetric double-graded quantum wells (ADGQWs) under the presence of an external static electric field are studied theoretically. The nonlinear optical properties of the ADGQWs are obtained using the compact-density matrix approach and iterative method. The numerical results obtained from the present work show that the external static electric field and the structure parameters play an important role in the optical properties of ADGQWs. Depending on the asymmetric nature of the confinement potential, in an electric field of kV/cm, the overlap between electronic wave functions decreases with increasing field whereas it increases for larger field values. The tunability of intersubband transitions can be applied to optical modulators and various device applications based on the optical transitions of electrons.
Abstract In this letter, the effect of the intense laser field on optical properties in the unique double trigonometric quantum wells has been investigated by applying the KH transformation. The Schrdinger equation is solved to obtain the energy levels and the wave functions of this system. Then the optical absorption coefficients (OACs) and refractive index changes (RICs) are calculated through the scheme of the compact density-matrix formalism. The results show that the OACs and RICs undergo a blue-shift first, followed by a red-shift, as the intensity of the laser field is enhanced. Furthermore, features of various transition total OACs are also discussed, which are also affected by the laser field.
Abstractauthoren This paper investigates the effects of an intense laser field and electric field on the optical properties of quantum well represented by Morse potential. The non-resonant, high-frequency intense laser effects upon the system are treated within the framework of non-perturbative approach, modifying the confinement potential associated to the heterostructure. The analytical expressions of the linear and third-order nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes are obtained by using the compact-density matrix formalism. The results for a typical GaAs quantum well correspond to several configurations of the structural parameter, the strengths of the intense laser radiation, and the static electric field. Numerical results reveal the striking influence of the external fields on the magnitude and resonant peak energy positions of the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes. Besides, the control of intersubband optical transitions by the structure parameter seems feasible.
The effect of the electric field and intense laser field on the intersubband transition and optical absorption in an Al0.3Ga0.7As/GaAs asymmetric double quantum well is theoretically investigated by using the transfer matrix approach.The Hartree potential due to the electron-electron interaction is considered in our calculation.For intersubband transitions in an asymmetric double quantum well,the peaks of the absorption coefficient are found to be a blue or red shifted by tuning the intensity of the laser field and the applied electric field.It can be concluded that the intense laser field and external electric field have a considerable influence on the electronic and optical properties for an asymmetric double quantum well.