New inequalities from local realism

Elena R. Loubenets

Bardo ArtificialIntelligence

Bell's inequality proofs have been interpreted as demonstrating that quantum mechanics is incompatible with local realism. However, a new interpretation has been proposed that suggests that Bell's inequalities can be reconciled with local realism if we consider causality to be a property of classical space, rather than of the quantum world, ruled by probabilities.The linear flow of time is a subjective model of causality created by the human brain resulting in subjective interpretation of time travel into the past.

Dressel, Broadbent, Jordán

David S. Simon

Claudio Garola, Sandro Sozzo

Most physicists uphold that the tests of the Bell inequalities (BI) performed up to now confirm the predictions of standard quantum mechanics (SQM) and refute local realism. But some scholars criticize this conviction, defending local realism in various ways. We present here a new viewpoint based on an improved version of the extended semantic realism (ESR) model that has been recently worked out by one of the authors. The ESR model embodies the mathematical formalism of SQM into a more general framework in which not only local realism but also objectivity of physical properties holds, and the probabilities of SQM are reinterpreted as conditional instead of absolute. Hence the ESR model provides some predictions that are formally identical to those of SQM but have a different physical interpretation, and further predictions that differ also formally from those of SQM. In particular, we show here that the BI introduced by Clauser, Horne, Shimony and Holt (BCHSH inequalities) must be replaced by modified BCHSH inequalities. These depend on detection probabilities which may be such that the new inequalities are never violated by the conditional expectation values predicted by the model. The condition that no violation occurs implies the existence of upper bounds on detection probabilities, which makes the ESR model falsifiable. These results admit an intuitive explanation in terms of unfair sampling but basically differ from the seemingly similar results obtained by other approaches in which the efficiency problem is discussed in order to vindicate some kind of local realism.

M. P. Seevinck

Chen (quant-ph/0611126) has recently claimed ``exponential violation of local realism by separable states", in the sense that multi-partite separable quantum states are supposed to give rise to correlations and fluctuations that violate a Bell-type inequality that Chen takes to be satisfied by local realism. However, this can not be true since all predictions (including all correlations and fluctuations) that separable quantum states give rise to have a local realistic description and thus satisfy all Bell-type inequalities, and this holds for all number of parties. Since Chen claims otherwise by presenting a new inequality, claimed to be a Bell-type one, which separable states supposedly can violate, there must be a flaw in the argumentation. I will expose this flaw, not merely for clarification of this issue, but perhaps even more importantly since it re-teaches us an old lesson John Bell taught us over 40 years ago. I will argue that this lesson provides us with a new morale especially relevant to modern research in Bell-type inequalities.