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Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

Investigation of Collisional Cross Sections of 40SState Using Ultracold Caesium Rydberg Gas

Zhigang Feng, Jianming Zhao, Suotang Jia, Wanhua Zheng

Published Jun 20, 2012• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The total collisional cross sections of caesium Rydberg 40 S state is obtained by measuring the corresponding effective decay rates as a function of Rydberg atoms density in a conventional magneto-optical trap using the state-selective pulse field ionization technique. We investigate the collisional properties for different Rydberg atomic densities in detail. The results indicate that the Rydberg atomic interaction induced collisions is the dominant mechanism leading to the large collisional cross sections.

DOI
10.1143/jpsj.81.074302

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The collisional loss rates of 63S1/2{S}_{1/2}S1/2​ Rydberg atoms in cesium magneto-optical trap are measured by using the state-selective pulse field ionization technique and used to investigate the interaction between Rydberg atoms. The collisional loss rate coefficients due to collisions with Rydberg atoms and ground-state atoms are obtained by fitting the experimental data. The results indicate that the large collisional loss mainly comes from the strong long-range interaction between ultracold Rydberg atoms, and the loss rate is significantly increased under a weak electric field.
Highly excited (Rydberg) atoms are produced and can exist for significant periods of time in various plasma environments. It is necessary to know cross sections for the various collision processes involving these atoms if a complete understanding of the physics of these environments is to be attained.\nThe experimental investigation of collisional phenomena between high Rydberg sodium atoms and electrons is described in this thesis. A fraction of the atoms in a ground state sodium beam is optically excited (using lasers) to well-defined, high Rydberg states (principal quantum numbers chosen around 40). Subsequent to their production the Rydberg atoms are allowed to interact with 25 eV electrons for a specified time interval following which the collision products are detected. The electrons are produced in a beam which is crossed at right angles with the sodium beam. Important collision processes are (1) electron impact ionization of the Rydberg atom, and (2) electron-Rydberg atom interactions in which the quantum state of the atom is changed (state changing collisions).\nResults are presented for an observed state changing process which is identified as angular momentum state changing only (no change in the value of the principal quantum number). Cross sections for this process are measured to be 10('-10) to 10('-9) cm('2). Problems encountered during the work which prevented the measurement of electron impact ionization cross sections are discussed. In the course of the work two other topics required study: (1) the process of electric field ionization of Rydberg atoms (used to detect the atoms), and (2) the effects of background (300 K) radiation (from the chamber walls, for example) on Rydberg atoms. Results of these studies are also presented.