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Physical Review A

Quantum-nondemolition-measurement scheme using a Kerr medium

A. N. Chaba, Matthew J. Collett, Daniel F. Walls

Published Aug 1, 1992• 43 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we present a theoretical study of the quantum-nondemolition properties of a scheme that uses a Kerr medium in a double-ended cavity with both the signal and the probe inputs being coherent fields incident from the two sides. We find that with a suitable choice of parameters this system satisfies almost perfectly the criteria for quantum-nondemolition measurements.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.46.1499

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In this paper, we present a theoretical study of the quantum-nondemolition properties of a scheme that uses a Kerr medium in a double-ended cavity with both the signal and the probe inputs being coherent fields incident from the two sides. We find that with a suitable choice of parameters this system satisfies almost perfectly the criteria for quantum-nondemolition measurements.
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A photon-number quantum nondemolition (QND) measurement theory that takes dissipative losses into account is presented. A QND measurement criterion is developed to determine the feasibility of QND measurements in a lossy optical medium. Using an analysis based on loss-error characteristics, we examine a lossy Kerr medium. We obtain restrictions on the losses and requirements for the nonlinearity and signal and probe powers necessary to observe the QND effect. We calculate the expected results for an experimental system meeting such requirements. We conclude that QND measurements are possible in existing media.
This paper proposes a quantum nondemolition measurement scheme for the photon number. The signal and probe optical waves interact via the optical Kerr effect. The optical phase of the probe wave is selected as the readout observable for the measurement of the photon number of the signal wave. The measurement accuracy \ensuremath{\Delta}n and the imposed phase noise \ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\varphi} of the signal wave satisfy Heisenberg's uncertainty principle with an equality sign, 〈(\ensuremath{\Delta}n)2{)}^{2})2〉〈(\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\varphi})2{)}^{2})2〉=(1/4). .AE
We present a detailed analysis of the quantum-nondemolition (QND) properties of a measurement scheme employing coherently driven three-level atoms in the \ensuremath{\Lambda} or cascade configuration inside an optical cavity. We propose to use a strong signal field to empty one of the transitions and dress the signal-transition levels. The atoms become transparent for the signal beam, which sees a ``ghost transition.'' When a probe is applied and tuned to the vicinity of one of the light-shifted levels, the probe phase is extremely sensitive to fluctuations of the signal intensity. This enhances the QND coupling and enables the system to operate at lower cooperativities.