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Optics Express

Phonon induced phase grating in quantum dot system

Guangling Cheng, Wenxue Zhong, Ai-Xi Chen

Published Apr 9, 2015• 66 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Electromagnetically induced phase grating is theoretically investigated in the driven two-level quantum dot exciton system at the presence of the exciton-phonon interactions. Due to the phonon-induced coherent population oscillation, the dispersion and absorption spectra are sharply changed and the phase modulation is enhanced via the high refractive index with nearly-vanishing absorption, which could effectively diffract a weak probe light into the first-order direction with the help of a standing-wave control field. Moreover, the diffraction efficiency of the grating can be easily manipulated by controlling the Huang-Rhys factor representing the exciton-phonon coupling, the intensity and detuning of the control field, and the detuning of the probe field. The scheme we present has potential applications in the photon devices for optical-switching and optical-imaging in the micro-nano solid-state system.

DOI
10.1364/oe.23.009870

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Electromagnetically induced phase grating is theoretically investigated in the driven two-level quantum dot exciton system at the presence of the exciton-phonon interactions. Due to the phonon-induced coherent population oscillation, the dispersion and absorption spectra are sharply changed and the phase modulation is enhanced via the high refractive index with nearly-vanishing absorption, which could effectively diffract a weak probe light into the first-order direction with the help of a standing-wave control field. Moreover, the diffraction efficiency of the grating can be easily manipulated by controlling the Huang-Rhys factor representing the exciton-phonon coupling, the intensity and detuning of the control field, and the detuning of the probe field. The scheme we present has potential applications in the photon devices for optical-switching and optical-imaging in the micro-nano solid-state system.
We present an alternative scheme for the preparation of the phase grating in quantum-dot molecules, where the tunnel coupling occurs between two quantum dots. In the presence of interdot tunneling, the nonlinear dispersion can be significantly enhanced with nearly vanishing linear and nonlinear absorption due to the tunneling-induced quantum coherence. With the help of a standing-wave control field, the weak probe light could be diffracted into high-order direction. It is shown that parameters such as the weak-driving intensity, driving detuning, tunneling strength, and interaction length could be used to adjust the diffraction intensity effectively. Our scheme is focused on the weak standing-wave driving and weak tunneling strength, which may provide an easy and actual way to obtain the phase grating and may have potential applications in quantum-optics and quantum-information-processing devices in the solid-state system.
Abstract A scheme for two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetically induced grating via spatial gain and phase modulation is presented in a two-level atomic system. Based on the interactions of two orthogonal standing-wave fields, the atom could diffract the weak probe beam into high-order directions and a 2D diffraction grating is generated. It is shown that the diffraction efficiency of the grating can be efficiently manipulated by controlling the Rabi frequencies of control fields, the detunings of the control and probe fields, and interaction length. Different from 2D cross-grating via electromagnetically induced transparency in a four-level atomic system, the present scheme results from the spatial modulation of gain and phase in a simple two-level system, which could lead to 2D gain-phase grating with larger diffraction intensities in the diffraction directions. The studies we present may have potential applications in developing photon devices for optical-switching, optical imaging and quantum information processing.
An electromagnetically induced phase grating (EIG) controlled by coherent population trapping (CPT) in a four-level Y-type atomic system is studied. The CPT condition promotes significantly the dispersion of light into the first-order diffraction in constructing a phase modulation grating by transferring energy from zero-order to first-order diffraction. The diffraction efficiency of the phase grating is enhanced by up to 30% of the total probe intensity at the first-order diffraction. The present atomic scheme takes full advantage of the microwave-driven field for generating the EIG, which induces the quantum coherence and controls linear and nonlinear behaviors of the present system. Furthermore, it is noticed that the higher-order diffraction intensities are improved via a microwave-driven field and the phase and amplitude of the microwave field can improve the efficiency of the phase grating. These novel results could find potential applications in developing new photonic devices, such as all-optical switching at low light levels.
We propose a scheme to study the electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) of surface polaritons (SPs) in a negative index metamaterial/rare-earth-ion-doped crystal interface waveguide system, based on coherent population oscillation (CPO) modulating by a standing wave control field. Absorption grating can be formed via the large absorption modulation induced by the linear susceptibility of the system; the diffraction of SPs can be realized but with a very small first-order diffraction efficiency and the phase modulation in this case, is negligible. However, when the giant Kerr nonlinearity is taken into account, the phase modulation can be significantly enhanced and accompanied by high transmission at the same time, thus, a phase grating, which effectively diffracts SPs into a high-order direction, can be induced. For both the absorption and phase grating, the dependencies of the first-order diffraction efficiency on the Rabi frequency of the standing wave control field, optical detuning, and interaction length are discussed. The results obtained here have certain theoretical significance for spectral enhancements and precision measurements at the micro–nanoscales.
Abstract The scheme for gain-phase grating is proposed via double tunneling effect in the quantum dot molecules system with five-level structure, which is formed by two quantum dots due to inter-dot tunneling. Combining the stranding-wave control field with the double tunneling effect, the weak probe field could be diffracted to the high-order direction with the strong diffraction intensity. In the presence of double tunneling, the gain accompanied with the certain dispersion occurs, which is responsible for the preparation of the high-efficiency grating. It is found that the first-, second-, and other-order diffraction intensities are simultaneously higher than the central intensity and the diffraction intensities could be controlled by adjusting the parameters such as tunneling intensities, interaction length, probe detuning, relative phase and Rabi frequencies of external fields. The scheme we present can be utilized to develop a new photonic device for optical network and communication.
We demonstrate a scheme for coherently induced grating based on a mixture of two three-level atomic species interacting with two standing-wave fields. As a result of interaction between the absorptive and amplified Raman resonances, the refractive index of the medium can be enhanced and modulated periodically. Then a sinusoidal grating, which can diffract the probe field into high-order directions, is coherently formed in the medium. The proposed scheme is theoretically investigated in a mixture of atomic isotopes of rubidium. The results show that the diffraction efficiency depends strongly on the two two-photon detunings of the two Raman transitions and the intensities of the two driving standing-wave fields. The proposed electromagnetically induced grating scheme may be applied to the all-optical switching and beam splitting in optical networking and communication.