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AIP conference proceedings

Frequency Dependant Optical Delay With Gain In A Cesium Diode Pumped Alkali Laser System

Eric M. Guild, Monte D. Anderson, Glen P. Perram, Claude Phipps

Published Jan 1, 2010• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Optical delays are observed for a pulse propagating through hot cesium vapor in the vicinity of peak absorption features. By tuning the pulse frequency across the absorption spectrum ±20 GHz, delays up to 66 ns have been observed. In this experiment pulse delays are captured using a gated imaging camera system across the cesium D2 spectrum and compared to delay predictions.

DOI
10.1063/1.3507167

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Optical delays are observed for a pulse propagating through hot cesium vapor in the vicinity of peak absorption features. By tuning the pulse frequency across the absorption spectrum ±20 GHz, delays up to 66 ns have been observed. In this experiment pulse delays are captured using a gated imaging camera system across the cesium D2 spectrum and compared to delay predictions.
Optically tunable pulse delays in cesium vapor were demonstrated by pumping several D2 transitions and burning holes in the D1 absorption spectrum. A modified sub-Doppler absorption spectroscopy setup was used with counter propagating beams with a Gaussian 7-ns full-width at half-maximum probe pulse is scanned across the D1 absorption spectrum. Probe laser optical delays followed Kramers-Kronig model prediction for Cs D1 without D2 pump laser. Optical control of pulse delay was demonstrated by varying pump intensity. Localized delay effects in agreement with model predictions were observed in the neighborhood of a burnt hole.
By sweeping the frequency of a diode laser beam near the cesium resonance frequency, followed by propagation through a short length of cesium vapor, we obtained periodic peaks with peak-to-average ratios near 5 at pulse repetition rates up to a gigahertz. Light in the wings of a strong atomic absorption line of an alkali metal vapor encounters large group velocity dispersion. A frequency modulation in an off-resonance cw beam passing through the vapor consequently develops an amplitude modulation. For certain combinations of laser and vapor parameters, a sinusoidally frequency modulated beam can be made to develop peaks. We generated pulse trains in a frequency modulated single mode diode laser tuned to the cesium absorption line near 852 nm, which we observed by using a fast p-i-n photodiode and a sampling oscilloscope. The frequency of a diode laser was sinusoidally modulated with a sweep of about a gigahertz and a period of a few nansoseconds by introducing a small modulation into the laser pump current. We observed the formation of sharp peaks with a width of about one-tenth of the modulation period and a peak-to-background ratio of approximately 5.
We report on a tunable all-optical delay line for pulses with optical frequency within the Rb D2 absorption line. Using frequency tuning between absorption components from different isotopes, pulses of 10 ns duration are delayed in a 10 cm hot vapour cell by up to 40 ns while the transmission remains above 10%. The use of two isotopes allows the delay to be increased or decreased by optical pumping with a second laser, producing rapid tuning over a range of more than 40% of the initial delay at 110°C. We investigate the frequency and intensity ranges in which this delay line can be realized. Our observations are in good agreement with a numerical model of the system.
We observe pulse delays of up to twenty times the input pulse duration when 200 ps laser pulses pass through a hot Rb 85 vapor cell. The pulse peak travels with a velocity equal to c/20, and the energy transmission is 5%. For pulses with a linewidth greater than typical features in the atomic dispersion, pulse delay is predicted and observed for all center frequencies near resonance. Pulse advance is never observed. The measurements are in good agreement with a three-level linear-dispersion calculation. We are able to control the amount of delay by using a steady-state laser beam for optical pumping of the ground states prior to sending in the test pulse.