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Physica C Superconductivity

The phase diagram and inhomogenous superconductivity in the one-dimensional attractive Hubbard model

ARMEN N. KOCHARIAN, Chia‐Wei Yang, Y. L. Chiang

Published Nov 1, 2000• 4 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s0921-4534(00)00466-4

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We study $s$-wave superconductivity in the two-dimensional square-lattice attractive Hubbard Hamiltonian for various inhomogeneous patterns of interacting sites. Using the Bogoliubov--de Gennes mean-field approximation, we obtain the phase diagram for inhomogeneous patterns in which the on-site attractive interaction ${U}_{i}$ between the electrons takes on two values ${U}_{i}=0$ and $\ensuremath{-}U∕(1\ensuremath{-}f)$ (with $f$ the concentration of noninteracting sites) as a function of average electron occupation per site, $n$, and study the evolution of the phase diagram as $f$ varies. In certain regions of the phase diagram, inhomogeneity results in a larger zero-temperature average pairing amplitude (order parameter) and also a higher superconducting critical temperature ${T}_{c}$, relative to a uniform system with the same mean interaction strength (${U}_{i}=\ensuremath{-}U$ on all sites). These effects are observed for stripes, checkerboard, and even random patterns of the attractive centers, suggesting that the pattern of inhomogeneity is unimportant. The phase diagrams also include regions where superconductivity is obliterated due to the formation of various charge-ordered phases. The enhancement of ${T}_{c}$ due to inhomogeneity is robust as long as the electron doping per site, $n$, is less than twice the fraction of interacting sites $[2(1\ensuremath{-}f)]$ regardless of the pattern. We also show that for certain inhomogeneous patterns, when $n=2(1\ensuremath{-}f)$, increasing temperature can work against the stability of existing charge-ordered phases for large $f$ and, as a result, enhance ${T}_{c}$.

arXiv:0708.0451•Physical Review B•Nov 30, 2007•23 citations
[[abstract]]The thermodynamic phase diagram of the attractive Hubbard model in the presence of magnetic field is calculated in wide range of temperature, electron concentration and coupling strength within the generalized self-consistent field (GSCF) approach, including the spin density correlations. The theory provides a smooth transition driven by applied magnetic field IL and temperature T from the homogeneous superconducting state into a spatially inhomogeneous state with the order parameter Delta ((-))(Q) not equal 0.
We study sss-wave superconductivity in the two-dimensional square-lattice attractive Hubbard Hamiltonian for various inhomogeneous patterns of interacting sites. Using the Bogoliubov--de Gennes mean-field approximation, we obtain the phase diagram for inhomogeneous patterns in which the on-site attractive interaction Ui{U}_{i}Ui​ between the electrons takes on two values Ui=0{U}_{i}=0Ui​=0 and $\ensuremath{-}U∕(1\ensuremath{-}f)$ (with fff the concentration of noninteracting sites) as a function of average electron occupation per site, nnn, and study the evolution of the phase diagram as fff varies. In certain regions of the phase diagram, inhomogeneity results in a larger zero-temperature average pairing amplitude (order parameter) and also a higher superconducting critical temperature Tc{T}_{c}Tc​, relative to a uniform system with the same mean interaction strength (${U}_{i}=\ensuremath{-}U$ on all sites). These effects are observed for stripes, checkerboard, and even random patterns of the attractive centers, suggesting that the pattern of inhomogeneity is unimportant. The phase diagrams also include regions where superconductivity is obliterated due to the formation of various charge-ordered phases. The enhancement of Tc{T}_{c}Tc​ due to inhomogeneity is robust as long as the electron doping per site, nnn, is less than twice the fraction of interacting sites $[2(1\ensuremath{-}f)]$ regardless of the pattern. We also show that for certain inhomogeneous patterns, when $n=2(1\ensuremath{-}f)$, increasing temperature can work against the stability of existing charge-ordered phases for large fff and, as a result, enhance Tc{T}_{c}Tc​.