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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing

An information theoretic framework for energy efficient secrecy

Cristina Comaniciu, H. Vincent Poor, Ruolin Zhang

Published May 1, 2013• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Physical layer energy-secrecy tradeoffs for wireless networks are investigated from an information theoretic perspective. An application layer characterization of physical layer secrecy is introduced to quantify the partial secrecy that can be achieved on a wireless transmission. Best effort and guaranteed partial secrecy channel models are introduced and analyzed. It is shown that a range of energy-secrecy Pareto optimal operating points can be achieved with an appropriate allocation of power resources between private and non-private data sub-streams.

DOI
10.1109/icassp.2013.6638189

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arXiv:1901.07955•IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials•Nov 23, 2018•263 citations
Physical layer energy-secrecy tradeoffs for wireless networks are investigated from an information theoretic perspective. An application layer characterization of physical layer secrecy is introduced to quantify the partial secrecy that can be achieved on a wireless transmission. Best effort and guaranteed partial secrecy channel models are introduced and analyzed. It is shown that a range of energy-secrecy Pareto optimal operating points can be achieved with an appropriate allocation of power resources between private and non-private data sub-streams.
This paper investigates physical-layer security-energy trade-offs from an information theoretic perspective. The metric of partial secrecy is introduced as the amount of distortion that can be guaranteed at the eavesdropper, and three different channel models are proposed to capture various transmission strategies to achieve partial secrecy. It is shown that a range of secrecy-energy operating points can be achieved with an appropriate allocation of power resources between private and nonprivate data substreams.
Maintaining security in wireless systems has been a challenge due to the broadcast nature of wireless communication channels. Many methods have been proposed as countermeasures to eavesdropping attacks, which stand as one of the most important secrecy attack types that use the vulnerabilities of wireless channels. The majority of these methods come with the cost of additional power consumption for maintaining secrecy. In order to provide a framework that can enable a tradeoff between energy efficiency and secrecy, we provide a flexible adaptive physical layer security approach that enables tunable security levels for distinct bit streams of a single user. Our main motivation stems from the fact that not all data bits within a single bit steam require the same amount of security. The proposed adaptive power optimization framework allows the assignment of different secrecy rate constraints for distinct data streams. Via simulations, we show that the proposed approach can increase the power efficiency compared to the non-adaptive physical layer security solution, while satisfying the required secrecy constraints.
This chapter investigates the secrecy-energy trade-offs for communication in wireless networks. It is shown that privacy requirements for applications such as image or video transmissions do not require perfect secrecy, and the level of privacy can be quantified using a Rate-Distortion metric. Using information theoretic analysis, the chapter formulates analytic secrecy trade-offs for various communication channel models. In particular we analyze the advantage of partial secrecy for the Gaussian and Rayleigh fading channel models and the MIMO channel. The impact of secrecy requirements and the inherent secrecy-energy-connectivity trade-offs are also analyzed for networks of wireless nodes.
The information theoretic description of secrecy capacities and secrecy capacity regions (Liang et al., 2009) is an important research area to support a better understanding of security on the physical layer. Based on the secrecy capacity expressions or achievable secrecy rates, the transmit strategies, including power allocation, beamforming and subcarrier allocation, are optimized in order to choose a certain operating point. In this chapter, we focus on the optimization of the physical layer transmit strategies for typical wireless communication scenarios. In single-user scenarios, the system design is more complicated with additional secrecy constraints, since the secrecy capacity expressions are in general not concave or convex in the transmit strategies. The secrecy rate terms usually consist of a difference of two parts. The first one corresponds to the amount of data that can be reliably transmitted to the intended user and it is therefore concave in the transmit strategies. The second one corresponds to the amount of data that is overheard by the eavesdropper and it is thus also concave in the transmit strategies. The resulting transmit optimization problems are non-convex optimization problems since the difference of two concave functions is not necessarily convex or concave. However, in the multi-carrier case, the problem can be reduced to a convex optimization problem that can be efficiently computed. We conjecture that also the multiple antenna (MIMO) scenario will be completely solved in the very next future. In multi-user scenarios, the secrecy rate regions of all four elements of network information theory, the broadcast, the multiple access, the relay, and the interference channel were recently studied. The attacker models of the MAC and the relay case are more difficult than the wellmotivated ones of the broadcast and the interference channel. Therefore, we focus on the broadcast and interference channel. The resource allocation for the parallel broadcast channel without secrecy is involved due to a hard combinatorial problem ­ the matching of carriers to users. Interestingly, with secrecy constraints, the resulting programming problem is much simpler and the optimal power and resource allocation can be solved efficiently. A similar
Due to the malicious attacks in wireless networks, physical layer security has attracted increasing concerns from both academia and industry. The research on physical layer security mainly focuses either on the secrecy capacity/achievable secrecy rate/capacity-equivocation region from the perspective of information theory, or on the security designs from the viewpoints of optimization and signal processing. Because of its importance in security designs, the latter research direction is surveyed in a comprehensive way in this paper. The survey begins with typical wiretap channel models to cover common scenarios and systems. The topics on physical-layer security designs are then summarized from resource allocation, beamforming/precoding, and antenna/node selection and cooperation. Based on the aforementioned schemes, the performance metrics and fundamental optimization problems are discussed, which are generally adopted in security designs. Thereafter, the state of the art of optimization approaches on each research topic of physical layer security is reviewed from four categories of optimization problems, such as secrecy rate maximization, secrecy outrage probability minimization, power consumption minimization, and secure energy efficiency maximization. Furthermore, the impacts of channel state information on optimization and design are discussed. Finally, the survey concludes with the observations on potential future directions and open challenges.