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New Journal of Physics

Observation of 1.5 μm band entanglement using single photon detectors based on sinusoidally gated InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes

Benjamin Miquel, Hiroki Takesue

Published Apr 30, 2009• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We describe the application of single photon detectors based on InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes incorporating the sinusoidal gating technique into a 1.5 μm band entanglement measurement. We constructed two detectors based on this technique with a 500 MHz gate frequency. Using these detectors, we successfully demonstrated the high-speed and high signal-to-noise ratio observation of 1.5 μm-band time-bin entangled photon pairs.

DOI
10.1088/1367-2630/11/4/045006

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We describe the application of single photon detectors based on InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes incorporating the sinusoidal gating technique into a 1.5 μm band entanglement measurement. We constructed two detectors based on this technique with a 500 MHz gate frequency. Using these detectors, we successfully demonstrated the high-speed and high signal-to-noise ratio observation of 1.5 μm-band time-bin entangled photon pairs.
We report the first entanglement swapping experiment using entangled photon-pair sources based on spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM). The 1.5-μm band entangled photon pairs generated by SFWM in two independent 500-m dispersion shifted fibers exhibited quantum interference, thanks to the negligible walk-off between the pump and photon pairs. The use of 500-MHz gated-mode InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes based on the sine-wave gating technique increased the fourfold coincidence rate significantly. As a result, the formation of an entanglement between photons from independent sources was successfully observed.
We present the design and construction of a high-speed telecom-band (1.5 μm) single-photon counting system based on an InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode (APD) operating in the gated Geiger mode. The detector can be gated at high speeds (we examine its performance up to 25 MHz) to maximize the counting rate in long-distance, telecom-band, fiber-optic quantum communication applications. Narrow gate pulses (250 ps full width at half maximum) are used to reduce the dark-count and the after-pulse probability. In order to count the avalanche events, we employ a high-speed comparator to sample the unfiltered and unamplified avalanche photocurrent. The APD and all the associated electronics are integrated onto a printed circuit board with a computer interface. In addition, we cool the APD to -27°C to reduce the dark-count probability.