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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Characterizing Ultrashort Pulses One Photon at a Time

Osip Schwartz, Oren Raz, Ori Katz, Nirit Dudovich, Dan Oron

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A linear self-referenced technique for temporal characterization of ultraweak pulse trains is presented. Shot-noise limited time-resolved single photon detection enables temporal resolution down to 10fs for pulse trains with ~ 1 photon per pulse.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_si.2011.ctuo1

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The power spectrum of an optical field can be acquired without a spectrally resolving detector by means of Fourier-transform spectrometry, based on measuring the temporal autocorrelation of the optical field. Analogously, we here perform temporal envelope measurements of ultrashort optical pulses without time resolved detection. We introduce the technique of Fourier transform chronometry, where the temporal envelope is acquired by measuring the frequency autocorrelation of the optical field in a linear interferometer. We apply our technique, which is the time-frequency conjugate measurement to Fourier-transform spectrometry, to experimentally measure the pulse envelope of classical and single-photon light pulses.
The ability to characterize the complete quantum state of light is essential for both fundamental and applied science. For single photons the quantum state is provided by the mode that it occupies. The spectral temporal mode structure of light has recently emerged as an essential means for quantum information science. Here we experimentally demonstrate a self-referencing technique to completely determine the pulse-mode structure of single photons by means of spectral shearing interferometry. We detail the calibration and resolution of the measurement and discuss challenges and critical requirements for future advances of this method.