Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Optics Express

Multi-spatial-mode single-beam quadrature squeezed states of light from four-wave mixing in hot rubidium vapor

Neil Corzo, Alberto M. Marino, K. M. Jones, Paul D. Lett

Published Oct 12, 2011• 62 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present experimental results on the generation of multi-spatial-mode, single-beam, quadrature squeezed light using four-wave mixing in hot Rb vapor. Squeezing and phase-sensitive deamplification are observed over a range of powers and detunings near the (85)Rb D1 atomic transition. We observe -3 dB of vacuum quadrature squeezing, comparable to the best single-spatial mode results previously reported using atomic vapors, however, produced here in multiple spatial modes. We confirm that the squeezing is present in more than one transverse mode by studying the spatial distribution of the noise properties of the field.

DOI
10.1364/oe.19.021358

Related papers

Multi-Spatial-Mode Squeezed Light from Four-Wave Mixing in Hot Rb Vapor

Paul D. Lett, Vincent Boyer, Alberto M. Marino +4 more

We demonstrate multi-spatial-mode, nondegenerate four-wave mixing in hot atomic Rb vapor. We generate images with strong intensity-difference squeezing between the amplified probe and the generated conjugate beams. Measurements to quantify the multi-mode nature of the beams will be presented. We also report on progress in improving the relative-intensity squeezing. This narrowband, squeezed light near an atomic resonance is also of interest for experiments involving atomic ensembles.

Quantum-Atom Optics Downunder (QAO)•Jan 1, 2007•0 citations

Multi-spatial-mode quadrature squeezing from four-wave mixing in a hot atomic vapour

Matthew T. Turnbull

Noise suppression across multiple spatial modes of a light field would serve to improve the field's imaging capabilities and allow it to act as a more effective carrier \nof quantum information. This thesis describes a scheme that utilises a nonlinear process (four wave mixing (4WM)) in Rubidium 85 in order to generate a single beam of \nlight that demonstrates sub quantum noise limit (QNL) quadrature fluctuations of up to -4dB across a multitude of spatial modes simultaneously. \n \nIncluded is a description of sub-QNL (squeezed) light, followed by a breakdown of how this 4WM arrangement generates the desired quantum noise suppression. Analysis \nhas been performed that displays explicitly how the phase matching arrangement that maximises the noise suppression differs from that which optimises the efficiency of the process. This consideration is crucial to understanding why the setup achieves the levels of squeezing observed despite the presence of a strong absorption feature. \n \nFinally, the multi-spatial-mode nature of the generated squeezing is observed directly via homodyne detection using local oscillators with a range of transverse profiles. These profiles select the mode of the signal to be analysed and as such the ability to detect squeezing using a range of them demonstrates its presence across all of these modes simultaneously.

•Jul 1, 2014•1 citation

Squeezed States of Light Generated by Four Wave Mixing in Potassium Vapor

M. M. Ćurčić, B. M. Jelenkovic

We will present results that demonstrate squeezed light source based on Four Wave Mixing (FWM) in hot Potassium vapor. Squeezed light with the noise level of -6 dB below standard quantum limit is observed in the difference signal between correlated probe and conjugate beams, generated via FWM in potassium vapor. The vapor is contained in the vacuum K cell. For generating FWM we use nearly co-propagating pump and probe beam in a double Λ atomic scheme, which is similar to schemes used to demonstrate sqeezing in KD and in K. Obtained level of squeezing is improvement from the previous results for squeezing in potassium.

International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks•Jul 1, 2019•0 citations

Squeezed Light and Entangled Images from Four-Wave-Mixing in Hot Rubidium Vapor

Raphael C. Pooser, Vincent Boyer, Alberto M. Marino +1 more

Entangled multi-spatial-mode fields have interesting applications in quantum information, such as parallel quantum information protocols, quantum computing, and quantum imaging. We study the use of a nondegenerate four-wave mixing process in rubidium vapor at 795 nm to demonstrate generation of quantum-entangled images. Owing to the lack of an optical resonator cavity, the four-wave mixing scheme generates inherently multi-spatialmode output fields. We have verified the presence of entanglement between the multi-mode beams by analyzing the amplitude difference and the phase sum noise using a dual homodyne detection scheme, measuring more than 4 dB of squeezing in both cases. This paper will discuss the quantum properties of amplifiers based on four-wave-mixing, along with the multi mode properties of such devices.

•Nov 21, 2012•2 citations

Squeezed light and entangled images from four-wave-mixing in hot rubidium vapor

Raphael C. Pooser, Vincent Boyer, Alberto M. Marino +1 more

Entangled multi-spatial-mode fields have interesting applications in quantum information, such as parallel quantum information protocols, quantum computing, and quantum imaging. We study the use of a nondegenerate four-wave mixing process in rubidium vapor at 795 nm to demonstrate generation of quantum-entangled images. Owing to the lack of an optical resonator cavity, the four-wave mixing scheme generates inherently multi-spatialmode output fields. We have verified the presence of entanglement between the multi-mode beams by analyzing the amplitude difference and the phase sum noise using a dual homodyne detection scheme, measuring more than 4 dB of squeezing in both cases. This paper will discuss the quantum properties of amplifiers based on four-wave-mixing, along with the multi mode properties of such devices.

arXiv:0811.1243•Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Aug 28, 2008•2 citations

Four-wave-mixing in hot atomic vapor for spatially multimode squeezed light generation

Quentin C. Glorieux, James Alexander Clark, Neil Corzo +5 more

Four-wave-mixing in hot atomic vapor is a versatile tool for spatially multimode squeezed light generation. We demonstrate multimode behavior for different pump-probe configurations producing either single beam squeezing or twin beams. To illustrate the usefulness of such fields, we perform an imaging experiment with two quantum correlated vacuum (squeezed) beams, where the spatially multimode character of squeezing is used to reconstruct an arbitrarily chosen pattern.

International Conference on Quantum Information•Jan 1, 2011•0 citations
We present experimental results on the generation of multi-spatial-mode, single-beam, quadrature squeezed light using four-wave mixing in hot Rb vapor. Squeezing and phase-sensitive deamplification are observed over a range of powers and detunings near the (85)Rb D1 atomic transition. We observe -3 dB of vacuum quadrature squeezing, comparable to the best single-spatial mode results previously reported using atomic vapors, however, produced here in multiple spatial modes. We confirm that the squeezing is present in more than one transverse mode by studying the spatial distribution of the noise properties of the field.
Noise suppression across multiple spatial modes of a light field would serve to improve the field's imaging capabilities and allow it to act as a more effective carrier \nof quantum information. This thesis describes a scheme that utilises a nonlinear process (four wave mixing (4WM)) in Rubidium 85 in order to generate a single beam of \nlight that demonstrates sub quantum noise limit (QNL) quadrature fluctuations of up to -4dB across a multitude of spatial modes simultaneously. \n \nIncluded is a description of sub-QNL (squeezed) light, followed by a breakdown of how this 4WM arrangement generates the desired quantum noise suppression. Analysis \nhas been performed that displays explicitly how the phase matching arrangement that maximises the noise suppression differs from that which optimises the efficiency of the process. This consideration is crucial to understanding why the setup achieves the levels of squeezing observed despite the presence of a strong absorption feature. \n \nFinally, the multi-spatial-mode nature of the generated squeezing is observed directly via homodyne detection using local oscillators with a range of transverse profiles. These profiles select the mode of the signal to be analysed and as such the ability to detect squeezing using a range of them demonstrates its presence across all of these modes simultaneously.
We will present results that demonstrate squeezed light source based on Four Wave Mixing (FWM) in hot Potassium vapor. Squeezed light with the noise level of -6 dB below standard quantum limit is observed in the difference signal between correlated probe and conjugate beams, generated via FWM in potassium vapor. The vapor is contained in the vacuum K cell. For generating FWM we use nearly co-propagating pump and probe beam in a double Λ atomic scheme, which is similar to schemes used to demonstrate sqeezing in KD and in K. Obtained level of squeezing is improvement from the previous results for squeezing in potassium.
Entangled multi-spatial-mode fields have interesting applications in quantum information, such as parallel quantum information protocols, quantum computing, and quantum imaging. We study the use of a nondegenerate four-wave mixing process in rubidium vapor at 795 nm to demonstrate generation of quantum-entangled images. Owing to the lack of an optical resonator cavity, the four-wave mixing scheme generates inherently multi-spatialmode output fields. We have verified the presence of entanglement between the multi-mode beams by analyzing the amplitude difference and the phase sum noise using a dual homodyne detection scheme, measuring more than 4 dB of squeezing in both cases. This paper will discuss the quantum properties of amplifiers based on four-wave-mixing, along with the multi mode properties of such devices.
Entangled multi-spatial-mode fields have interesting applications in quantum information, such as parallel quantum information protocols, quantum computing, and quantum imaging. We study the use of a nondegenerate four-wave mixing process in rubidium vapor at 795 nm to demonstrate generation of quantum-entangled images. Owing to the lack of an optical resonator cavity, the four-wave mixing scheme generates inherently multi-spatialmode output fields. We have verified the presence of entanglement between the multi-mode beams by analyzing the amplitude difference and the phase sum noise using a dual homodyne detection scheme, measuring more than 4 dB of squeezing in both cases. This paper will discuss the quantum properties of amplifiers based on four-wave-mixing, along with the multi mode properties of such devices.