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Physical Review Letters

Modification of Self-Induced Transparency by a Coherent Control Field

Q‐Han Park, Robert W. Boyd

Published Mar 26, 2001• 22 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider self-induced transparency (SIT) in a two-level atomic system in the presence of an additional control laser field. We find that the dynamics of the SIT process are profoundly modified by the control field, in a manner reminiscent of the modification of other nonlinear optical interactions through the process of electromagnetically induced transparency. The presence of the control field allows SIT to occur under a much broader range of conditions and leads to dramatically reduced values of the group velocity of the SIT soliton.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.86.2774

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We consider self-induced transparency (SIT) in a two-level atomic system in the presence of an additional control laser field. We find that the dynamics of the SIT process are profoundly modified by the control field, in a manner reminiscent of the modification of other nonlinear optical interactions through the process of electromagnetically induced transparency. The presence of the control field allows SIT to occur under a much broader range of conditions and leads to dramatically reduced values of the group velocity of the SIT soliton.
We propose a scheme to realize the coherent control of optical soliton propagation and interaction in a three level Λ type electromagnetically induced transparency system with the control field being spatially modulated. We show that the spatial perturbation of the control field has no influence on the linear propagation properties and self-phase modulation of the probe field but can produce an equivalent external potential to affect the nonlinear propagation of the probe field. For single soliton propagation, we realize the transmission and trapping of optical solitons via external potential. For double soliton interaction, we realize the coherent control of attractive and repulsion interactions of two optical solitons and design an XNOR logical operation. Finally, for the triple soliton incident case, based on the coherent control of interaction between three solitons via external potential, we design a beam selector. The results obtained here are useful not only for the deep understanding of optical soliton interaction but also for applications in all optical quantum information processing.
The authors develop a theoretical analysis which describes coherent nonlinear resonant effects where two optical pulses of different frequencies undergo two-photon self-induced transparency (two-photon SIT) in an inhomogeneously broadened three-level system. The field (Maxwell) and atomic (Schrodinger; density matrix representation) equations are coupled in a self-consistent manner by virtue of the resultant macroscopic polarizations at the two frequencies. This treatment is accomplished under circumstances where atomic coherence plays a predominant role. The resulting equations yield a new two-photon area theorem which gives first the intensity dependent, two-photon absorption law analogous to Beer's law for the one-photon transition. Secondly, a 2 pi Lorentzian pulse solution is derived which propagates without loss at the modified pulse velocity.
Coherent interactions of laser fields with resonant atomic and molecular transitions significantly modify optical characteristics of the medium via quantum interference between transition amplitudes. This interference can result in reduction or enhancement of the laser absorption, decrease of the group velocity of the laser pulse etc. The origin of all these processes is electromagnetically induced transparency. This effect is intensively investigated in the connection with its multiple applications: lasing without inversion, group velocity control, quantum optical storage and quantum computing, effective nonlinear interactions of low field intensities, high-precision measurements, spectroscopy and metrology, plasma diagnostics, atomic clock etc.
Self-induced transparency (SIT) pulses induce a traveling population inversion in two-level atoms. As a rule, the active medium in which the soliton travels has to be homogeneous. Here, we study the effect of a spatially disordered modulation in the refractive index profile that may lead to Anderson localizations. The interplay between the ultrashort SIT pulse, a nonlinear effect, and this kind of disorder-induced mode exhibits intriguing features. Once the SIT pulse is confined in the spatially confined regions, they act as closed cavities for the SIT population inversion. A positive optical feedback mechanism can be thus activated and, as a result, a two-level laserlike emission can be obtained.