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arXiv:1102.1207 · Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Two-level laser by the interaction of self-induced transparency pulses and surface Anderson localizations of light

Viola Folli, Claudio Conti

Published Jul 20, 2012• 2 citations
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Abstract

Self-induced transparency (SIT) pulses induce a traveling population inversion in two-level atoms. As a rule, the active medium in which the soliton travels has to be homogeneous. Here, we study the effect of a spatially disordered modulation in the refractive index profile that may lead to Anderson localizations. The interplay between the ultrashort SIT pulse, a nonlinear effect, and this kind of disorder-induced mode exhibits intriguing features. Once the SIT pulse is confined in the spatially confined regions, they act as closed cavities for the SIT population inversion. A positive optical feedback mechanism can be thus activated and, as a result, a two-level laserlike emission can be obtained.

DOI
10.1364/josab.29.002080

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Self-induced transparency (SIT) pulses induce a traveling population inversion in two-level atoms. As a rule, the active medium in which the soliton travels has to be homogeneous. Here, we study the effect of a spatially disordered modulation in the refractive index profile that may lead to Anderson localizations. The interplay between the ultrashort SIT pulse, a nonlinear effect, and this kind of disorder-induced mode exhibits intriguing features. Once the SIT pulse is confined in the spatially confined regions, they act as closed cavities for the SIT population inversion. A positive optical feedback mechanism can be thus activated and, as a result, a two-level laserlike emission can be obtained.
We consider a one-dimensional photonic crystal embedded in a two-level medium with various degrees of disorder, such that the tail of localized states in the forbidden gap is resonant with self-induced transparency pulses, which can propagate in the absorbing system. We theoretically and numerically predict that the SIT pulse not only is slowed down by the disorder, but, at high scattering strengths, it is trapped by coupling with Anderson states located in proximity of the cavity surface. We develop a perturbative analysis to address the role of the random perturbation on the propagation of a 2π pulse in a two level medium.
We propose a concept of disordered resonant media, which are characterized by random variations of their parameters along the light propagation direction. In particular, a simple model of disorder considered in the paper implies random change of the density of active particles (two-level atoms). Within this model, the effect of disorder on self-induced transparency (SIT) is analyzed using numerical simulations of light pulse propagation through the medium. The transition from the SIT to localization regime is revealed as well as its dependence on the disorder level, atom density, medium thickness, and period of random variations.
Self-induced transparency (SIT) is a kind of coherent transient phenomena in two-level atomic system. The optical pulse with an area that is an integer multiple of 2π, which causes SIT in an absorber, is stable and a kind of soliton. Thus SIT is expected to be useful in pulse compression and pulse shaping. In this paper, we discuss some problems in experiments of SIT and surveys the experimental results of SIT. It is also described the recent experimental results of coherent nonlinear pulse propagation in BiI3 crystal using tunable sub-picosecond pulses.
We theoretically show that a self-induced transparency (SIT) soliton and a Bragg soliton can coexist in a nonlinear photonic band gap (PBG) medium doped uniformly with inhomogeneous-broadening two-level atoms. The Maxwell-Bloch equations for the pulse propagating through such a uniformly doped PBG structure are derived first and further reduced to an effective nonlinear Schrödinger equation. This model describes an equivalent physical mechanism for a Bragg-soliton propagation resulting from the effective quadratic dispersion balancing with the effective third-order nonlinearity. Because the resonant atoms are taken into account, the original band gap can be shifted both by the dopants and the instantaneous nonlinearity response originating from an intense optical pulse. As a result, even if a SIT soliton with its central frequency deep inside the original forbidden band, it still can propagate through the resonant PBG medium as long as this SIT soliton satisfies the effective Bragg-soliton propagation. An approximate soliton solution describing such coexistence is found. We also show that the pulse width and group velocity of this soliton solution can be uniquely determined for given material parameters, atomic transition frequency, and input central frequency of the soliton. The numerical examples of the SIT soliton in a one-dimensional As2S3-based PBG structure doped uniformly with Lorentzian line-shape resonant atoms are shown. It is found that a SIT soliton with approximately 100-ps width in such a resonant PBG structure can travel with the velocity being two orders of magnitude slower than the light speed in an unprocessed host medium.
Using a numerical approach we report on the cloning dynamics of simultaneous self-induced transparency (SIT) and nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) solitons in a doped nonlinear dispersive medium. This technique involves a three-level atomic system interacting resonantly with two optical fields within a Lambda scheme. As a result, a pulse in the signal frequency is transformed into a replica of the pulse in the pump frequency. The atomic population evolution shows that the basic mechanism behind the cloning process is the coherent population trapping effect. Furthermore, it is shown that the signal clone presents characteristics of both the SIT soliton and NLS soliton.