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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Hyper-entangled two-photon states for quantum communication applications

Marco Barbieri, F. De Martini, Paolo Mataloni

Published May 5, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Two photon states entangled in polarization and momentum, hyper-entangled, have been generated by using linear optics and a single Type I nonlinear crystal. These states have been completely characterized and their nonlocal behaviour have been verified by independent Bell's inequalities tests performed in the two degrees of freedom of entanglement and by an "all versus nothing" test of local realism. The manipulation of these states may represent a useful control in quantum state engineering and Bell state measurements and, more in general, in Quantum Information applications.

DOI
10.1117/12.665579

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Two photon states entangled in polarization and momentum, hyper-entangled, have been generated by using linear optics and a single Type I nonlinear crystal. These states have been completely characterized and their nonlocal behaviour have been verified by independent Bell's inequalities tests performed in the two degrees of freedom of entanglement and by an "all versus nothing" test of local realism. The manipulation of these states may represent a useful control in quantum state engineering and Bell state measurements and, more in general, in Quantum Information applications.
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We present an experimental method to engineer polarization-momentum hyperentangled two-photon states, using linear optics and a single type-I nonlinear crystal. These states have been completely characterized and their nonlocal behavior has been verified by an ``all versus nothing'' test of local realism, which represents a generalization of the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) to the case of two entangled particles and two observers. The manipulation of these states may represent a useful control in quantum state engineering and Bell state measurements and, more in general, in quantum information applications.
We present a parametric source which allows the engineering of polarization-momentum hyper- entangled two photon states based on linear optics and a single type-I nonlinear crystal. The nonlocal character of these states has been verified by various tests, including the All Versus Nothing test of local realism (A. Cabello, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 , 010403 (2001)), which represents a generalization of the GHZ to the case of two entangled particles and two observers. We have also created a complete and deterministic Bell-state measure- ment by a novel experimental scheme which adopts polarization-momentum hyper-entanglement and requires linear optics and single photon detectors.
We present two experimental tests of nonlocality, namely the Bell's inequalities and the "All Versus Nothing" (AVN) proof, performed with a two photon hyper-entangled state, entangled in polarization and momentum. These states, which double the extension of the available qubits, are engineered by a simple experimental method which uses linear optics and a single Type I nonlinear crystal. The AVN test of local realism represents a generalization of the GHZ to the case of two entangled particles and two observers.
We present the results of some experimental tests of quantum nonlocality performed by two-photon states, entangled both in polarization and momentum, namely hyperentangled states and two-photon four-qubit linear cluster states. These states, which double the number of available qubits with respect to the standard two-photon entangled states, are engineered by a simple experimental method, which adopts linear optics and a single type I nonlinear crystal. The tests of local realism performed with these states represent a generalization of the Greenberger, Home, and Zeilinger (GHZ) theorem to the case of two entangled particles.
We report the experimental realization and the characterization of polarization and momentum hyper-entangled two photon states, generated by a new parametric source of correlated photon pairs. By adoption of these states a successful ''all versus nothing'' test of quantum mechanics was performed. The two photon hyper-entangled states are expected to find at an increasing rate a widespread application in state engineering and quantum information. PACS: 03.67.-a, 03.67.Mn, 03.67.Hk, 42.65. Lm