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IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics

Coherent relaxation effects in laser-pumped double resonance experiments

J. I. Steinfeld, Ronald H. Micheels, Joel M. Levy, John H. S. Wang

Published Sep 1, 1974• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1109/jqe.1974.1068307

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Physical Review A•Sep 1, 1986•20 citations
We have employed chaotic and phase-diffusion models to study the effect of laser coherence on time-delayed laser-induced double gratings (TDLIDG). It is found that, although the temporal behavior of the four-wave mixing signal depends on the stochastic properties of the lasers and the relaxation time of the grating, the modulation of the signal is always damped out when the relative time delay between two pump beams is much longer than the laser coherence time. We performed a TDLIDG experiment mediated by thermal effects to study the temporal behavior of the modulation, and we obtained the frequency difference between two light beams with an accuracy limited by the laser linewidth. We also studied the influence of the phase change in the optical path on TDLIDG.
We report new results on the effect of collisions on radio-frequency (rf) -laser double resonances in an atomic vapor under conditions of velocity-selective optical pumping. Our experiments are performed on Zeeman resonances in the 4${f}^{6}666{s}^{2}$ 7{\mathrm{}}^{7}7F1{F}_{1}F1​--4${f}^{6}$6s6p 7{\mathrm{}}^{7}7F0{F}_{0}F0​ transition in samarium vapor in the presence of rare-gas perturbers (He, Ne, Ar, Xe). The collisional relaxation of the rf-generated sublevel coherence is studied using Raman heterodyne detection; this recently introduced spectroscopic technique is capable of separately yielding signal contributions originating from optically resonant and off-resonant atoms. The corresponding measurements clearly reveal that velocity-changing collisions (VCC) can completely determine the characteristics of the rf-laser double-resonance signals. Our experimental findings on the linewidths and line shapes of the rf resonances are in satisfactory quantitative agreement with theoretical predictions that are based on a novel four-level density-matrix calculation; here a Keilson-Storer collision kernel is used to describe the velocity diffusion processes. The comparison of calculated and measured results also permits us to derive cross sections for VCC and depolarizing collisions; moreover, information on the spectrum of the velocity changes connected with alignment-preserving collisions can be obtained.