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Frontiers in Optics

Entanglement and State Transfer in 3-mode Optomechanical Systems

Aashish A. Clerk

Published Jan 1, 2013• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

I will discuss recent theoretical work describing how a mechanical resonator in a two-cavity optomechanical system can mediate both state transfer interactions (protected against mechanical dissipation by a "mechanically-dark" mode) and entangling interactions (via a dissipative mechanism). Article not available.
DOI
10.1364/fio.2013.ftu1c.1

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In this dissertation, I theoretically investigate the open system dynamics of cavity optomechanical systems in the quantum limit, where a mechanical resonator couples to a cavity mode via radiation pressure force. Recent developments in nano-fabrication and cooling techniques make it possible to optically control and manipulate the motion of micro- and nano-mechanical resonator. Several experiments have demonstrated the possibility of preparing macroscopic mechanical resonators into their quantum ground state, which makes optomechanical systems an ideal candidate for studying the quantum behavior of macroscopic objects. One important direction in quantum optomechanics is the study of the decoherence of optomechanical system due to the interaction with their external environments. This dissertation explores the decoherence effects by considering the influence of the radiation pressure coupling on the interaction between optomechanical system and its environments. Because the effects of the nonlinear interaction vary with the optomechanical coupling strength, three different interaction regimes are fully studied here: the weak coupling, the intermediate coupling and the strong coupling.
In a recent publication (Wang and Clerk 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 153603), we demonstrated that one can use interference to significantly increase the fidelity of state transfer between two electromagnetic cavities coupled to a common mechanical resonator over a naive sequential-transfer scheme based on two swap operations. This involved making use of a delocalized electromagnetic mode which is decoupled from the mechanical resonator, a so-called 'mechanically dark' mode. Here, we demonstrate the existence of a new 'hybrid' state transfer scheme that incorporates the best elements of the dark-mode scheme (protection against mechanical dissipation) and the double-swap scheme (fast operation time). Importantly, this new scheme also does not require the mechanical resonator to be prepared initially in its ground state. We also provide additional details of the previously described interference-enhanced transfer schemes, and provide an enhanced discussion of how the interference physics here is intimately related to the optomechanical analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency. We also compare the various transfer schemes over a wide range of relevant experimental parameters, producing a 'phase diagram' showing the optimal transfer scheme for different points in parameter space.
In the field of optomechanics, one typically studies the interaction of a single mechanical resonator and a single optical cavity mode. In this thesis, we investigate collective quantum effects in optomechanical systems with two or more optical and mechanical modes. First, we study the generation and destruction of entanglement between two mechanical resonators effected by optical cavity fields. We also describe how the optomechanical interaction can be employed to mediate strong coherent coupling and entanglement between a micromechanical membrane and a single atom. Secondly, we show that a configuration with two optical and a single mechanical mode can lead to enhanced nonlinear interactions, which can be exploited for quantum non-demolition measurements of the phonon and photon numbers. Finally, we explore the quantum many-body dynamics of optomechanical arrays. In particular, we research into the transition from a disordered state due to quantum noise to a state with phasecoherent mechanical oscillations. As an intermediate step towards this study, we also investigate the nonlinear classical dynamics of single- and multi-mode optomechanical setups and compare theoretical predictions to experimental data.