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Physical Review A

Squeezing via mixing of two modes in a system of driven two-level atoms

Tran Quang

Published Jun 1, 1990• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The squeezing in a mixture of two high-Q cavity modes interacting with strongly driven two-level atoms is discussed for the case in which these two modes are located near the two sidebands of collective resonance fluorescence. The collective effects, cavity damping, and thermal field are accounted for. For suitable values of the parameters of the system, as in recent experiments with Rydberg atoms, a large squeezing can be obtained.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.41.6313

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The squeezing in a mixture of two high-Q cavity modes interacting with strongly driven two-level atoms is discussed for the case in which these two modes are located near the two sidebands of collective resonance fluorescence. The collective effects, cavity damping, and thermal field are accounted for. For suitable values of the parameters of the system, as in recent experiments with Rydberg atoms, a large squeezing can be obtained.
The dependence of squeezing on the number of atoms is discussed in the time-dependent collective resonance fluorescence of N two-level atoms, coherently driven by a strong resonant laser field. It is shown that, for strong driving field, squeezing appears only in the transient regime of resonance fluorescence. The location of squeezing in time is independent of the number of atoms and the initial atomic populations. It is found that despite the reduction in the amount of squeezing per single atom, squeezing increases in the whole resonance fluorescence field as the number of atoms increases, and attains its maximal value for moderate N. Moreover, the maximal value of squeezing is dependent on the intensity of the driving field. As the latter increases, the maximum of squeezing increases and shifts towards larger numbers of atoms. For a very large number of atoms, however, squeezing is altogether removed.
The quadrature squeezing spectra in the resonance fluorescence of a V-type three-level atom driven by a coherent field and coupled to a single-mode cavity is investigated. For weak excitation, the fluorescence field exhibit squeezing in the out-of-phase quadrature. The coupling between the atom and the cavity mode can greatly enhance the squeezing centred at the laser frequency. More importantly, for strong excitation, under the effect of the cavity-atom coupling, the in-phase quadrature of fluorescence can exhibit two-mode squeezing at the two inner sideband frequencies. By working in the dressed-state representation and hiring secular approximation, we give an analytical explanation for the effect. The result shows, under appropriate conditions, the squeezing can be greatly enhanced by appropriately tuning the cavity resonant frequency.
The dynamics of a strongly driven two-level atom are examined for the case that the atom is coupled to a ``two-mode'' squeezed vacuum. The source of squeezed light is taken to be a (frequency) nondegenerate parametric oscillator. We consider the situation in which the Rabi sidebands produced by the coherent driving field coincide with the spectral peaks of the parametric oscillator. Approximate analytical results are presented and checked against numerical simulations of the exact equations. For a suitable choice of relative phase, all three spectral lines in the fluorescence triplet are found to exhibit subnatural linewidths. Significant modifications to the fluorescence spectrum are also possible with a nonzero laser-atom detuning.
The quadrature squeezing spectra produced in the resonance fluorescence of a two-level atom driven by a strong coherent field and a weak amplitude-fluctuating field are investigated. For far-off-resonance and strong excitation, the resonance fluorescence exhibits two-mode squeezing around the Rabi sideband frequencies. Thus we have a source of two mode squeezing that is very easily frequency tuned simply by adjusting the generalized Rabi frequency. The presence of the strength of the stochastic process reduces the degree of squeezing obtainable. The quadrature squeezing spectra are also effected by the relative phase of the two fields.