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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Spectrum of the barium atom in a laser radiation field

І. І. Бондар, В. В. Суран

Published Aug 31, 1990• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An experimental investigation was made of the influence of a laser radiation field on the spectrum of barium atoms. The investigation was carried out by the method of three-photon ionization spectroscopy using dye laser radiation (ω = 14 800–18 700 cm − 1 ). The electric field intensity of the laser radiation was 10 3 –10 6 V/cm. This laser radiation field had a strong influence on a number of bound and autoionizing states. The nature of this influence depended on the ratio of the excitation frequencies of bound and autoionizing states.

DOI
10.1070/qe1990v020n08abeh007328

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An experimental investigation was made of the influence of a laser radiation field on the spectrum of barium atoms. The investigation was carried out by the method of three-photon ionization spectroscopy using dye laser radiation (ω = 14 800–18 700 cm − 1 ). The electric field intensity of the laser radiation was 10 3 –10 6 V/cm. This laser radiation field had a strong influence on a number of bound and autoionizing states. The nature of this influence depended on the ratio of the excitation frequencies of bound and autoionizing states.
Multiphoton ionization (MPI) of barium atom using an excimer-pumped pulsed dye laser has been studied in the wavelength range 570-608 nm at a laser intensity approximately 10.0 GW cm -2 . Resonances in MPI were recorded by monitoring either the ions produced in the multiphoton process using a thermionic detector or fluorescence from the ions formed in their various excited states of Ba + . The observation of photoion and fluorescence spectra were made on Ba vapour in the heat-pipe oven in the moderate-density regime ( approximately 10 13 atoms/cm 3 ) so that the collisional effects are negligible. Fine-structure resolution of the final ionic state (6p 2 P 1/2,3/2 ), produced after four-photon autoionizing decay was obtained. The decay of the Ba atom after four-photon absorption preferentially populates the 6p 2 P 3/2 state relative to the 6p 2 P 1/2 state.
A theoretical analysis is made of the method of selective ionization of atoms based on selective resonance excitation by laser radiation to quantum states near the ionization threshold and subsequent autoionization decay of the excited states under the influence of an external electric field. The autoionization of atoms in static and pulsed electric fields is considered. Calculation formulas are obtained for the probability of autoionization of a hydrogenlike atom and corrections are computed for the influence of the electron shells. Numerical estimates are obtained for the autoionization of the n = 7–12 states of the Rb atom in an electric field.
The formation of singly and doubly charged ions upon nonlinear ionization of barium atoms is studied as a function of the frequency and intensity of a 8800-8920-cm−1 IR color center laser. Barium atoms are ionized via the four-photon resonance with the strongly perturbed bound 6p 2 1 D 2 state. Doubly charged barium ions are produced by a two-electron mechanism. It is found that the probability of the formation of doubly charged ions under these conditions linearly depends on the laser radiation intensity.
Lasing was achieved in barium vapor near an absorption line at the λ = 553.5 nm wavelength corresponding to the 61S0–61P1 resonance transition. Barium vapor produced in an arc discharge was placed in the resonator of a dye laser having a stimulated emission spectrum of ~ 5 pm half-width. In the presence of additional weak broad-band radiation, the lasing spectrum consisted of two components symmetric relative to the center of the absorption line. This lasing was due to stimulated Raman scattering by a population grating and was most efficient in regions where the difference between the frequencies of the strong and weak fields coincided with the Rabi frequency. A quantitative comparison was made between theory and experiment on amplification without population inversion in a two-level system. Holographic interference spectroscopy was used to study experimentally the behavior of the susceptibility (the absorption coefficient and the refractive index) under conditions of resonant interaction. Good agreement was obtained between the behavior of the dispersion of the refractive index and the theoretical dependence. The highest gains were kv ≈ 10 cm −1 when the barium atomic concentration was N ≈ 5 × 1016 cm −3.
The process of formation of doubly charged ions upon multiphoton ionization of barium atoms by linearly and circularly polarized radiation of dye lasers is studied in the frequency range from 16800 to 18700 cm −1 . A large number of resonance maxima in the yield of Ba + and Ba 2+ ions were observed upon tuning the radiation frequency. It is unambiguously proved that most resonance maxima in the yield of Ba 2+ ions are associated with the resonance transitions in the spectrum of Ba + ions. This fact confirms the cascade mechanism of formation of Ba 2+ ions in the frequency range of localization of these maxima.