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Journal of Physics Condensed Matter

On exciton squeezing in semiconductors

Nguyen Ba An

Published Nov 1, 1993• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider an optically excited semiconductor as a coherent system of interacting excitons and photons. Within the boson formalism and secular approximation the analytical expressions for the exciton quadrature variances are rigorously derived. The analysis of these variances over the relevant parameter space shows that initially coherent excitons can evolve into squeezed states in a finite-size semiconductor, which must possess both linear and non-linear interactions.

DOI
10.1088/0953-8984/5/44/022

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We consider an optically excited semiconductor as a coherent system of interacting excitons and photons. Within the boson formalism and secular approximation the analytical expressions for the exciton quadrature variances are rigorously derived. The analysis of these variances over the relevant parameter space shows that initially coherent excitons can evolve into squeezed states in a finite-size semiconductor, which must possess both linear and non-linear interactions.
In this letter, we show that semiconductor excitons generated by coherent light may become squeezed. This is due to their interactions both with the light and among themselves. Based on a polariton theory and using a secular approximation, analytical expressions for exciton quadrature variances have been derived, which enable us to study easily the dependence of exciton squeezing degree on the pumping light intensity, frequency detuning and strength of exciton-exciton, as well as exciton-photon, interactions.
In this paper a mechanism for the generation of a squeezed state of light is theoretically presented. Due to coupling with excitons and via exciton-exciton interaction, a light beam propagating within a finite-size semiconductor sample is shown to evolve into a squeezed state. Based on an effective bosonic Hamiltonian, which is obtained from the original fermionic one, a detailed derivation of the photon quadrature variances is presented and dependences of the photon squeezing on both the extrinsic and intrinsic parameters are analyzed.
Squeezed light is a particularly useful quantum resource, which finds broad applications in quantum information processing, quantum metrology and sensing, and biological measurements. Here we show how to produce squeezed light exploiting the strong exciton–phonon nonlinear interaction in a semiconductor microcavity. The semiconductor microcavity is embedded with a quantum well, which supports both linear and nonlinear interactions among excitons, phonons, and cavity photons. We show that the strong exciton–phonon deformation potential interaction can induce a quadrature-squeezed cavity output field, and further reveal an important role of the exciton–photon coupling in engineering the squeezing spectrum and improving the robustness of the squeezing against thermal noise. Our results indicate that substantial optical squeezing in a broad band, up to tens of gigahertz, can be achieved using currently available parameters.
This paper contains the second part of a theory of the coherent propagation of a light wave in semiconductors. After considering the interaction among the electrons, we discuss the matter of the interaction of a semiconductor with light and derive equations of motion for the polarization wave of the excitons which have been excited by the light. We show how our equations can be approximated by linear ones and how the exciton polarization wave can be regarded as a Bose field in the limit of low excitation. In this paper we also discuss in detail the problem of the coherent excitation of discrete exciton levels. We show that the coherently excited discrete exciton is approximately equivalent to a two-level atom which is excited by a light wave; the atom energy-level spacing is a function of the degree of excitation, and the density of equivalent "two-level atoms" is determined by features of the exciton-state wave function.
Exact time-evolution is analytically derived from a coherent photon-exciton system subjected to a monochromatic radiation field resonant with the exciton-biexciton transition. It is shown that biexcitons, which appear under the resonant pumping, might periodically behave as squeezed quasiparticles, if photons or/and excitons are initially in squeezed states. The squeezing degree of the initial photons or/and excitons, the pumping intensity and the off-resonance detuning are demonstrated to govern the transfer of squeezing from the photon-exciton system to the biexciton.