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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Quantum CNOT gates with orbital angular momentum and polarization of single-photon quantum logic

Li-Ping Deng, Haibo Wang, Kaige Wang

Published Aug 31, 2007• 55 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a polarization-controlled-NOT (P-CNOT) gate and an orbital-angular-momentum-controlled-NOT (OAM-CNOT) gate for single-photon two-qubit quantum logic. Both of the controlled-NOT (CNOT) gates are simple and deterministic. Moreover the entanglement swap between polarization and orbital angular momentum (OAM) can be realized using the P-CNOT gate and the OAM-CNOT gate.

DOI
10.1364/josab.24.002517

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We propose a polarization-controlled-NOT (P-CNOT) gate and an orbital-angular-momentum-controlled-NOT (OAM-CNOT) gate for single-photon two-qubit quantum logic. Both of the controlled-NOT (CNOT) gates are simple and deterministic. Moreover the entanglement swap between polarization and orbital angular momentum (OAM) can be realized using the P-CNOT gate and the OAM-CNOT gate.
We propose and experimentally demonstrate an optimized setup to implement quantum controlled-NOT operation using polarization and orbital angular momentum qubits. This device is more adaptive to inputs with various polarizations, and can work both in classical and quantum single-photon regime. The logic operations performed by such a setup not only possess high stability and polarization-free character, they can also be easily extended to deal with multi-qubit input states. As an example, the experimental implementation of generalized three-qubit Toffoli gate has been presented.
We propose and experimentally demonstrate that a Mach-Zehnder interferometer composed of polarized beam splitters and a pentaprism in the place of one of the mirrors works as a linear optical quantum controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate. To perform the information processing, the polarization and orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the photons act as the control and target qubits, respectively. The readout process is simple, requiring only a linear polarizer and a triangular diffractive aperture before detection. The viability and stability of the experiment makes the present proposal a valuable candidate for future implementations in optical quantum computation protocols.
Structured light carrying Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) enables high-dimensional photonic quantum information processing. In this work, we propose and theoretically demonstrate a four-dimensional controlledNOT (CNOT) quantum gate implemented using the radial (p) and azimuthal (l) degrees of freedom of Laguerre–Gaussian modes. Quantum information is encoded within a single photon, with the radial mode acting as the control qubit and the OAM mode as the target qubit. The gate is realized using fully linear and unitary optical transformations based on Fourier transform based radial mode sorting and OAM inversion within the architecture. This approach enables deterministic two-qubit logic in an expanded Hilbert space, providing a scalable pathway toward high-dimensional quantum gates using structured light.