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Quantum and Semiclassical Optics Journal of the European Optical Society Part B

Co-operative atomic effects in a micromaser

Shahid Qamar, A. H. Toor, Muhammad Suhail Zubairy

Published Jun 1, 1995• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, the authors have studied the effect of co-operative atomic interaction in a lossless micromaser. It is shown that transient squeezing can be obtained even in the presence of co-operative atomic effects. However, an increase in the co-operative parameter can completely destroy the squeezing. The steady-state squeezing is never obtained in this system which is due to the fact that trapping states no longer exist in the presence of co-operative effects.

DOI
10.1088/1355-5111/7/3/015

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In this paper, the authors have studied the effect of co-operative atomic interaction in a lossless micromaser. It is shown that transient squeezing can be obtained even in the presence of co-operative atomic effects. However, an increase in the co-operative parameter can completely destroy the squeezing. The steady-state squeezing is never obtained in this system which is due to the fact that trapping states no longer exist in the presence of co-operative effects.
I consider a lossless micromaser with cascade three-level atoms in a coherent superposition of its three levels. I find that for some values of the atomic flight time and some probability amplitudes for the intermediate atomic level, the field evolves to a pure state which is the well-known general squeezed state, and the squeeze and displacement parameters are functions of the atomic input parameters. Therefore it is possible to choose atomic parameters which produce squeezing in the phase or in the amplitude of the field inside the cavity.
We have developed a quantum theory of the micromaser for a pair of two-level atoms for the case of one- and two-photon transition coupling. We have studied the effect of co-operativity on the photon statistics for these systems for different coupling constant ratios. It is found that for equal coupling, our system of a two-atom, one-photon micromaser behaves like a double one-photon cascade micromaser. Similarly, for equal coupling, the photon statistics of the two-atom, two-photon micromaser reduces to that of a three-level, four-photon cascade micromaser.
The generation of the steady state fourth-order squeezing and squared amplitude squeezing in a micromaser by the coherent trapping approach is investigated. The results show that if two-level atoms injected into the cavity are initially in coherent state and the flight time of the atoms inside the cavity satisfies the trapping condition, the field can evolve into a coherent trapping state which exhibits steady state fourth-order squeezing and squared amplitude squeezing in the cavity as long as the flux of the atoms is moderately large.