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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Interaction between opposite waves and optical bistability in nonlinear randomly inhomogeneous heterogeneous media

Gregory B. Altshuler, Иночкин Михаил Владимирович, Aleksandr A. Manenkov

Published Mar 31, 1987• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An analysis is made of the main laws governing the propagation of opposite waves in a randomly inhomogeneous medium with a cubic refraction nonlinearity with respect to the field, allowing for interference. It is shown that, in spite of modulation of the optical intensity as a result of interference between the opposite waves, almost complete bleaching of a heterogeneous medium can be achieved for fairly large scattering particles. An analysis is made of an optical resonator filled with a randomly inhomogeneous nonlinear medium and the conditions for bistability are determined. It is established that a considerably lower Q factor than in similar devices using nonlinear absorbers is sufficient to achieve bistability in this resonator.

DOI
10.1070/qe1987v017n03abeh007641

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An analysis is made of the main laws governing the propagation of opposite waves in a randomly inhomogeneous medium with a cubic refraction nonlinearity with respect to the field, allowing for interference. It is shown that, in spite of modulation of the optical intensity as a result of interference between the opposite waves, almost complete bleaching of a heterogeneous medium can be achieved for fairly large scattering particles. An analysis is made of an optical resonator filled with a randomly inhomogeneous nonlinear medium and the conditions for bistability are determined. It is established that a considerably lower Q factor than in similar devices using nonlinear absorbers is sufficient to achieve bistability in this resonator.
Using the nonlinear oscillator model as a prototype medium exhibiting intrinsic optical bistability, we investigate the inhomogeneous absorption of the electromagnetic field. The forward- and backward-field amplitudes and diffraction effects are retained in the mathematical description. Analytic results are given in the limit of plane-wave propagation under steady-state conditions. The transmitted and reflected intensity exhibit a structure that is determined by the spatial inhomogeneity of the absorption in the longitudinal direction. The transmitted intensity has a structure that is dependent on the length of the medium. The reflected intensity has an interference structure from light reflected at the front surface and the internal boundary separating a high-polarization from a low-polarization branch. A degenerate-four-wave-mixing experiment is predicted to be a very sensitive probe of the internal boundary and the interference between the forward and backward field. The phase-conjugate signal develops large oscillations as the input field is varied. Numerical results for diffraction effects are also given, and we find that the plane-wave results for the center of the beam remain reliable down to Fresnel numbers of order unity and in media that are smaller than the linear absorption length.
A review is given of theoretical and experimental investigations of optical resonators excited by an external light beam and filled with a nonlinear medium. An analysis is made of various types of nonlinearities (Kerr, Raman, Brillouin, and quadratic nonlinearities, saturation in a medium of two-level particles) and equations which describe the dynamics of optical oscillations in a resonator, are derived. Descriptions are given of the main properties such as limitation of the transmitted beam intensity, bistability and hysteresis, intensity pulsations, and amplification of amplitude-frequency deviations in the optical beam. Transient processes are also discussed. In the description of the experimental results, not only the resonator parameters and the observed properties are indicated but attention is also paid to identification of the type of nonlinearity. An analysis is also made of hybrid systems in which the nonlinearity is simulated (and deliberately increased) by radioelectronics.
A study is made of the problem of transmission of light pulses by a boundary of a nonlinear medium under conditions of coherent interaction with matter. It is shown that in the case of a semiinfinite nonlinear medium the reflection coefficient is governed by the linear characteristics of the media in contact so that the boundary-value problem reduces to the Cauchy problem. In another case, when a nonlinear medium is a thin film at the interface between two linear media, it is found that such a film is an almost perfect mirror reflecting weak pulses but it becomes transparent to pulses of sufficiently high intensity and the mirror then modulates the amplitude of such pulses.