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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Quantum teleportation of high-dimensional atomic ensemble states

M. Al-Amri, Jörg Evers, Manzoor Ikram, Muhammad Suhail Zubairy

Published Apr 19, 2012• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a scheme for the quantum teleportation of an arbitrary 2N-dimensional macroscopic atomic ensemble state. The state to be teleported is encoded in N ensembles of atoms subsequently interacting with a cavity at the sender side and there are equivalent atomic ensembles at the receiver side. Our scheme relies on the transformation of atomic ensemble states to photonic states followed by coincidence measurements on the photons. We show that instead of using N quantum channels for the teleportation of the state between the N-atomic ensembles, only a single channel can be utilized by employing sequential measurements.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/45/9/095502

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We propose a scheme for the quantum teleportation of an arbitrary 2N-dimensional macroscopic atomic ensemble state. The state to be teleported is encoded in N ensembles of atoms subsequently interacting with a cavity at the sender side and there are equivalent atomic ensembles at the receiver side. Our scheme relies on the transformation of atomic ensemble states to photonic states followed by coincidence measurements on the photons. We show that instead of using N quantum channels for the teleportation of the state between the N-atomic ensembles, only a single channel can be utilized by employing sequential measurements.
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The teleportation of an arbitrary n-particle state (n ≥ 1) is proposed if n pairs of identical EPR states are utilized as quantum channels. Independent Bell state measurements are performed for joint measurement. By using a special Latin square of order 2n(n ≥ 1), explicit expressions of outcomes after the Bell state measurements by Alice (sender) and the corresponding unitary transformations by Bob (receiver) can be derived. It is shown that the teleportation of n-particle state can be implemented by a series of single-qubit teleportation.
We develop methods for performing quantum teleportation of the total spin variables of an unknown state, using quantum nondemolition measurements, spin projection measurements, and classical communication. While, theoretically, teleportation of high-dimensional states can be attained with the assumption of generalized Bell measurements, this is typically experimentally nontrivial to implement. We introduce two protocols and show that on average, the teleportation succeeds in teleporting the spin variables of a spin coherent state with average zero angular error in the ideal case, beating classical strategies based on quantum state estimation. In a single run of the teleportation, there is an angular error at the level of $\ensuremath{\sim}0.1$ radians for large ensembles. A potential physical implementation for the scheme is with atomic ensembles and quantum nondemolition measurements performed with light. We analyze the decoherence of the protocols and find that the protocol is robust even in the limit of large ensemble sizes.
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Quantum teleportation and quantum memory are two crucial elements for large-scale quantum networks. With the help of prior distributed entanglement as a "quantum channel," quantum teleportation provides an intriguing means to faithfully transfer quantum states among distant locations without actual transmission of the physical carriers [Bennett CH, et al. (1993) Phys Rev Lett 70(13):1895-1899]. Quantum memory enables controlled storage and retrieval of fast-flying photonic quantum bits with stationary matter systems, which is essential to achieve the scalability required for large-scale quantum networks. Combining these two capabilities, here we realize quantum teleportation between two remote atomic-ensemble quantum memory nodes, each composed of ∼10(8) rubidium atoms and connected by a 150-m optical fiber. The spin wave state of one atomic ensemble is mapped to a propagating photon and subjected to Bell state measurements with another single photon that is entangled with the spin wave state of the other ensemble. Two-photon detection events herald the success of teleportation with an average fidelity of 88(7)%. Besides its fundamental interest as a teleportation between two remote macroscopic objects, our technique may be useful for quantum information transfer between different nodes in quantum networks and distributed quantum computing.